{{Hatnote|This article is about an Islamist-based organization. For the nationalist movement, see [[East Turkestan independence movement]].}} {{POV|date=November 2015}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}} Vorlage:Infobox War Faction

Die Islamische Turkistan-Partei' (TIP) (uigurisch تۈركىستان ئىسلام پارتىيىسى) Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī (arabisch الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني) oder Ḥizb al-Islāmī li-Turkistān (arabisch الحزب الإسلامي لتركستان), auf Türkisch: Türkistan İslam Cemaati (Turkistan Islam Jamaat) oder Türkistan İslam Partisi[1] (ETIP) (حزب الإسلام لتركستان الشرقية), zuvor auch Islamische Bewegung Ostturkistan) (arabisch حركة شرق تركستان الإسلامية), und andere Namen,Vorlage:Ref ist eine islamistische Terrororganisation, die von Uiguren mit separatistischen Motiven im Westen Chinas gegründet wurde. Erklärte Ziele der Gruppierung sind die Unabhängigkeit Ostturkistans, die Errichtung eines islamistischen Staats in Zentralasien und ein Kalifat. Laut der chinesischen Regierung trägt die Gruppierung die Verantwortung für Terroranschläge in Xinjiang.[2] Laut einem 2002 veröffentlichten chinesischen Bericht verübte die Gruppierung zwischen 1990 und 2001 200 Anschläge, die 162 Tote und 440 Verletzte forderten.[3] Seit den Terroranschlägen vom 11. September wird die Gruppierung von Kasachstan, Russland, Kirgistan,den Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten[4], China und den USA als Terrororganisation eingestuft.[5] China, and the United States.[6]

Geschichte

Bearbeiten
 
Black Standard
 
Flag of Turkistan Islamic Party

Die Region Xinjiang war ab 60 v.Chr. unter der Han-Dynastie ein Teil des Protektorats der westlichen Regionen. Unter der Tang-Dynastie wurde die Region in das Protektorat zur Befriedung des Westens eingegliedert. Das Gebiet war zwischenzeitlich mehrmals unabhängig. Die Region Xinjang umfasste im Lauf ihrer Geschichte auch Teile des Tarimbeckens und die Dsungarei, die ursprüngliche Bevölkerng setzte sich aus Indo-Europäischen Tochariern und Iranischen Saka, die die Buddhistische Religion praktizierten zusammen. Im Zuge einer Invasion durch Turkvölker kam es zu einer Islamisierung und der Dominanz der Turk-Kultur. Im 18. Jahrhundert reorganisierte die Qing-Dynastie das Gebiet als Provinz unter dem Namen Xinjiang.[7] Im frühen 19. Jahrhunder kam es zum Zuzug von russischen Altorthodoxen, später folgten Anhänger der Weißen Bewegung.[8] Während der Zeit der Kriegsherren entwickelte sich unter dem Einfluss der Sowjetunion die Zweite Republik Ostturkistan, die ihre ursprünglichen separatistischen Bewegungen ablegte, nachdem die Kommunistische Partei Chinas nach ihrem Sieg im Chinesischen Bürgerkrieg die Volksrepublik China errichtete.[9] Ungeachtet dessen stellte die Sowjetunion Angehörigen zentralasiatischer Ethnien in Xinjiang sowjetische Pässe aus, um sie zur Emigration in die Kasachische Sowjetrepublik zu ermutigen.[8] Nach dem Chinesisch-sowjetischen Zerwürfnis kozentrierte die Wojetunion Truppen an der Grenze zu Xinjiang und unterstützte separatistische Gruppen in Ostturkistan, die zugleich moralische und materielle Unterstützung von anderen bewaffneten Gruppen in der Region erhielten.[10] China beschuldigte die Sowjetunion, Unruhen hervorzurufen und ging mit militärischen Mittel gegen die separatistischen Gruppierungen vor.[8]

Abdul Hameed, Abdul Azeez Makhdoom und Hakeem Makhdoom gründeten 1940 die Islamische Partei Turkistans (حزب الإسلام لتركستان, Hizbul Islam Li-Turkistan).[11] Nach der Verbüßung einer Haftstrafe betätigte sich Abdul Hakeem ab 1979 als Verbreiter des fundamentalistischen Islam.[12]

1989 gründete Ziyauddin Yusuf die ursprünglich als Islamische Partei Ostturikstans(حزب الإسلام لتركستان الشرقية, Hizbul Islam Li-Turkistan Ash-Sharqiyah, (uighurisch:شەرقىي تۈركىستان ئىسلام پارتىيىسى Sharki Turkistan Islam Partisi[13], türkisch: Doğu Türkistan İslam Partisi.[14]).[11] [Hasan Mahsum]] und Abudukadir Yapuquan reorganisierten die Gruppe in ihre heutige Struktur.[15] Die Gruppierung wird von der Chinesischen Regierung mit dem Namen Islamische Bewegung von Ostturkistan bezeichnet, verwendet diesen Namen jedoch nicht selbst. 1998 verlegte Mahsum das Hauptquartiert der Gruppe nach Kabul, wo sie unter dem Schutz des von den Taliban geführten Islamischen Emirat Afghanistan stand. In Afghanistan stand die Gruppe in stetigem Kontakt mit Osama bin Laden und anderen Führungskräften von Al Kaida, den Taliban und der Islamischen Bewegung Usbekistan und koordinierte mit diesen ihre Aktionen. In Afghanistan legte die Gruppierung das Suffix Ost- aus ihrem Namen ab. Die Struktur der Gruppe wurde durch den Krieg in Afghanistan seit 2001 zerrüttet, Hasan Mahsum wurde bei der Bombardierung einer Al-Kaida-Basis an der Afghanischen Grenze zu Pakistan getötet.[16]


However, ETIM resurged after the Iraq War inflamed mujaheddin sentiment.[17] It expanded its portfolio to attacks on United States interests, such as the U.S. embassy in Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan).Vorlage:Citation needed The United States Department of State responded by listing it as a terrorist organization.Vorlage:Citation needed This greatly weakened ETIM, as it lost sympathy from many Western organizations who would otherwise support its struggle against China.Vorlage:Citation needed Nonetheless, ETIM circulated a video in 2006 calling for a renewed jihad, and took advantage of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing to gain publicity for its attacks.[18] The ETIM is said to be allied with the Pakistani Taliban (Tehreek i Taliban Pakistan) leading Pakistan being seriously urged by China to take action against militants.[19]

The new organization called itself the Turkistan Islamic Party (TIP) and abandoned usage of the name ETIM, although China still calls it by the name ETIM and refuses to acknowledge it as TIP.<ref name="Winterbottom">{{cite journal |last=Winterbottom |first=Vaughan |last2= |first2= |date= 14 August 2013 |title=No end in sight to Xinjiang unrest |url=http://chinaoutlook.com/no-end-in-sight-to-xinjiang-unrest/ |archiveurl=http://www.vaughanwinterbottom.net/blog/2013/08/15/no-end-in-sight-to-xinjiang-unrest/ |journal=China Outlook |publisher= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref> The Turkistan Islamic Party was originally subordinated to the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) but then split off and declared its name as TIP and started making itself known by promoting itself with its Islamic Turkistan magazine and Voice of Islam media in Chinese, Arabic, Russian, and Turkish in order to reach out to global jihadists.[20] Control over the Uyghur and Uzbek militants was transferred to the Pakistani Taliban from the Afghan Taliban after 2001, so violence against the militant's countries of origins can no longer restrained by the Afghan Taliban since the Pakistani Taliban does not have a stake in doing so.[21][22] TIP's Ṣawt al-Islām (Voice of Islam) media arm has released many video messages.[23][24][25][26][27][28] The full name of their media center is "Turkistan Islamic Party Voice of Islam Media Center" Uyghur: (تۈركىستان ئىسلام پارتىيىسى ئىسلام ئاۋازى تەشۋىقات مەركىزى) Arabic: («المركز الإعلامي للحزب الإسلامي التركستاني «صوت الإسلام).

The Uyghur East Turkestan Islamic Movement's magazine Islamic Turkistan has accused the Chinese "Muslim Brotherhood" Yihewani of being responsible for the moderation of Hui Muslims and the lack of Hui joining terrorist jihadist groups in addition to blaming other things for the lack of Hui Jihadists, such as the fact that for more than 300 years Hui and Uyghurs have been enemies of each other, no separatist Islamist organizations among the Hui, the fact that the Hui view China as their home, and the fact that the "infidel Chinese" language is the language of the Hui.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Zenn |first=Jacob |last2= |first2= |date=17 March 2011|title=Jihad in China? Marketing the Turkistan Islamic Party |url=http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=37662&no_cache=1#.Vf3TiJdGQrc |journal=Terrorism Monitor |publisher=The Jamestown Foundation |volume=9|issue=11 |pages= |doi= |access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Zenn |first= Jacob |last2= |first2= |date=February 2013 |title=Terrorism and Islamic Radicalization in Central Asia A Compendium of Recent Jamestown Analysis |url=http://www.jamestown.org/uploads/media/Jamestown_articles_-_Terrorism_in_Central_Asia_February_2013.pdf |journal= |publisher= |volume= |issue= |page=57 |doi= |access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref>

Ideology

Bearbeiten

The NEFA Foundation, an American terrorist analyst foundation, translated and released a jihad article from ETIM, whose membership it said consisted primarily of "Uyghur Muslims from Western China." The East Turkestan Islamic Movement's primary goal is the independence of East Turkestan.[29] ETIM continues this theme of contrasting "Muslims" and "Chinese", in a six-minute video in 2008, where "Commander Seyfullah" warns Muslims not to bring their children to the 2008 Summer Olympics, and also saying "do not stay on the same bus, on the same train, on the same plane, in the same buildings, or any place the Chinese are".[30]

Terrorism expert Rohan Gunaratna has said that ETIM is closely associated with the World Uyghur Congress (WUC), and that there are "many sympathizers and supporters" of ETIM in the WUC. China has accused the WUC of orchestrating the 2009 ethnic violence in Urumqi; similarly, Gunaratna said that one of ETIM's aims is to "fuel hatred" and violence between the Han and the Uyghur ethnic groups, adding that it represented a threat to China and the Central Asia region as a whole.[31]

Structure

Bearbeiten

In October 2008, the Chinese Ministry of Public Security released a list of eight terrorists linked to ETIM, including some of the leadership, with detailed charges.[32] They are:

Name Aliases Charges Whereabouts
Memetiming Memeti Abdul Haq Leading the organization, inciting ethnic tensions in 2006 and 2007, buying explosives, organizing terrorist attacks against the 2008 Summer Olympics Thought to have been killed in North Waziristan drone attack[33][34] Resurfaced in 2014[35]
Emeti Yakuf
(Emet Yakuf)
Aibu Abudureheman, Saifula, Abdul Jabar Threatening to use biological and chemical weapons against servicepeople and Western politicians for the 2008 Olympics, disseminating manuals on explosives and poisons Killed in North Waziristan drone attack[36]
Memetituersun Yiming
(Memet Tursun Imin)
Abuduaini Raised funds for ETIM, tested bombs in the run-up to the Olympics Since 2008, Western Asia
Memetituersun Abuduhalike
(Memet Tursun Abduxaliq)
Metusun Abuduhalike, Ansarui, Naijimuding Attacked government organizations, money laundering for ETIM operations, buying vehicles and renting houses for attacks Unknown
Xiamisidingaihemaiti Abudumijiti
(Xemsidinahmet Abdumijit)
Saiyide Recruiting for ETIM in the Middle East, blew up a Chinese supermarket Unknown
Aikemilai Wumaierjiang
(Akrem Omerjan)
Assisted Xiamisidingaihemaiti Abudumijiti in the supermarket attack Unknown
Yakuf Memeti
(Yakuf Memet)
Abudujilili Aimaiti, Abudula, Punjab Sneaked into China illegally to gather information on Chinese neighborhoods, a failed suicide attack against oil refinery Killed in North Waziristan drone attack[37]
Tuersun Toheti
(Tursun Tohti)
Mubaixier, Nurula Organizing a terror team for the 2008 Olympics, buying raw materials for them and requesting chemical formulas for explosives Killed in North Waziristan drone attack[37]

al-Qaeda support

Bearbeiten
 
Flag of Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria

The East Turkestan Islamic Movement (Turkistan Islamic Party) is allied with the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan[38] along with the Pakistani Taliban (Tehreek i Taliban Pakistan)[39] and Al-Qaeda.[40][41]

One of the grievances against China by the TIP was that China implemented female and male equality.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=McGregor|first1=Andrew |title=Will Xinjiang’s Turkistani Islamic Party Survive the Drone Missile Death of its Leader?|journal=Terrorism Monitor|date=March 11, 2010 <!-- 08:56 PM --> |volume=8|issue=10|url= http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=36144#.ViFWtytGQrc |accessdate=14 June 2015|publisher=The Jamestown Foundation}}</ref>

Al Qaeda appointed TIP (ETIM) member Abdul Haq al Turkistani to their Shura Majlis.[42] Al Qaeda also appointed TIP (ETIM) member Abdul Shakoor Turkistani as military commander of their forces in the FATA region of Pakistan.[43]

Al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri released a statement supporting Jihad in Xinjiang against Chinese, in the Caucasus against the Russians and naming Somalia, Yemen, Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan as places of warfare.[44] Zawahiri endorsed "jihad to liberate every span of land of the Muslims that has been usurped and violated, from Kashgar to Andalusia, and from the Caucasus to Somalia and Central Africa".[45] Uyghurs inhabit Kashgar, the city which was mentioned by Zawahiri.[46] Zawahiri released another statement, saying : "My mujahideen brothers in all places and of all groups ... we face aggression from America, Europe, and Russia ... so it's up to us to stand together as one from East Turkestan to Morocco".[47][48][49][50][51]Vorlage:Citekill

TIP released an image showing Al Qaeda leader Ayman al Zawahiri meeting with Hasan Mahsum, the original and first leader of the Turkistan Islamic Party.[52][53] For a while after he died, Osama bin Laden's successor was believed by some to be the ETIM leader Abdul Shakoor Turkistani because jihadist organizations have been powerfully influenced by ETIM.[54]

TIP (ETIM) issued a eulogy for Doku Umarov of the Caucasian Emirate upon his death.[55][56][57][58]

Al-Qaeda ideologue Mustafa Setmariam Nasar wrote in support of the East Turkestan Independence Movement.[59] In 2006 Kavkaz Center reported that Al-Qaeda media arm Al-Fajr released a video urging Muslims to go on Jihad in support of the East Turkestan Independence Movement.

Al-Qaeda member Abu Yahya al-Libi spoke in support of "Jihad" in "East Turkestan" against China.[60][61]

Islamist Hani al-Sibai spoke in support of the East Turkestan Independence Movement.[62]

The Turkistan Islamic Party issued condolences for Taliban leader Mullah Omar upon his death.[63][64][65]

With the goal of establishing a Central Asian Islamic state, Uyghurs, Chechens, Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kyrgyz Kazakhs, and other ethnicities flocked to serve under Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan leader Juma Namangani.[66]

During the Battle of Kunduz in Afghanistan, foreign Islamist militants like Uyghurs, Chechens, Rohingya, Kyrgyz, Tajiks, and Uzbeks joined the Taliban in the attack.[67][68][69][70][71][72]Vorlage:Citekill The Pakistani Army's Operation Zarb-e-Azb appears to have driven these foreign militants from Pakistan's northwestern area of Waziristan into Afghanistan.[73][74][75][76] Non-Afghan militants like Arabs, Tajiks, Chechens, Uyghurs, Uzbeks, and Pakistanis make up 40% of anti-government fighters in Afghanistan according to Dawlat Waziri, a member of the Defense Ministry of Afghanistan.[77][78][79][80] These militants cause a surge in fighting in 2015.[81] Uyghurs, Chechens, and Uzbeks made up the majority of casualties in clashes against Afghan National Security Forces.[82] TIP's Islam Awazi released photos and a video of their attacks against Afghan forces.[83] The TIP released photos of one of its members killed in Afghanistan, Ebu Musa,[84] and his sons.[85][86] TIP released photos of attacks on Afghan forces,[87] and NATO.[88][89]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria uses the Jihadist Shahada flag with the name of the group in Arabic below the shahada: (الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة أهل الشام) "Turkistan Islamic Party for the Support of the People of al-Sham". TIP in Syria also calls itself by the name of "Turkistan Islamic Party in the land of al-Sham" (الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني في بلاد الشام). A Jabhat al Nusra member named Abu Rabah helped Uyghur militants start their first camp in Syria and a Turkish language website based in Turkey was launched to recruit "Uyghur mujahideen" to fight in Syria for the Al-Qaeda affiliated Uyghur Turkistan Islamic Party.[90] TIP (ETIM) sent the "Turkistan Brigade" (Katibat Turkistani) (Arabic:كتيبة تركستاني) to take part in the Syrian Civil War,[91][92][93][94]Vorlage:Citekill most noticeably in the 2015 Jisr al-Shughur offensive.[95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105] Al-Qaeda linked groups in Syria include the Syrian branch of the Chechen Caucasus Emirate, Uzbek militants, and the Turkistan Islamic Party.[106] The leader of TIP (ETIM) in Syria was Abu Rida al-Turkestani (أبو رضا التركستاني).[107][108][109][110][111] Abu Rida Al-Turkestani gave a speech during the offensive in Jisr al-Shughur inviting "Muslims" from "East Turkestan" to come to Sham in order to "kill" "Nusayris" (Alawites).[112] Abu Rida al-Turkestani gave a speech denouncing America and claiming Muslims are oppressed "in the land of Afghanistan, and in Turkestan, and in Waziristan, and in Burma, and in Bilad ash-Sham"[113] In May 2015 in Jisr al-Shugour the Syrian army killed Abu Rida al-Turkestani near a hospital.[114][115][116][117][118] TIP (ETIM) members in Syria fight alongside the Al-Qaeda branch Al Nusrah Front since TIP is allied to Al-Qaeda in Pakistan and Afghanistan and conducted suicide bombings for Nusrah Front.[119][120] The Turkistan Islamic Party (Uighur), Al-Katibat al-Tawhid wal Jihad (Uzbek) and Junud al-Sham (Chechen) all coordinate with Al-Qaeda affiliate Jabhat Al-Nusra in Syria.[121][122] Turkistan Islamic Party works with the Caucasus Emirate linked group Junud al Sham and the Uzbek Katibat al Tawhid Wal Jihad.[123] Members of TIP have been killed in battle in Syria.[124] TIP (ETIM) eulogized and applauded members of its organization who participated in suicide bombings and members who were killed in action in Jisr al Shughur.[125] Members of the group helped other Jihadists enforce religious law in Idlib such as wrecking alcohol in stores and this was noted that with "support of Allah and by the strike of the fist of the Mujahideen from the Al Nusrah Front, Ahrar al Sham and Turkistan," that they undertook these actions by a Syrian Jihadist in Jaysh al Fateh.[126] A Jabhat Al Nusra Jihadist called Abu Mohamed Al-Ansari interviewed by VICE News after the Idlib offensive said that "The battle was good, praise be to God. The brothers from all the groups started working together and coordinating. Each faction is responsible for a side. The majority were immigrant brothers from Turkestan. They are the ones who attacked the important points."[127][128] The spokesman of Jabhat Al-Nusra Abu Maria al-Qahtani claimed that Muslims were "oppressed" in "Turkestan" and that Nusra needs to "defend" them.[129][130] TIP (ETIM) joined in on the Jihadist offensive in the Al-Ghab plain along with Al-Qaeda affiliated Jund al Aqsa against the Syrian army, referring to the Syrian army by the disparaging name "Nusayri".[131][132][133] In Idlib four villages were seized by the Turkistan Islamic Party around August 2015.[134] and the TIP said they "met with the brothers in Jund al Aqsa".[135] The villages of Al-Ziyarah, Mishk, and Tal Wassit were taken by the TIP in August 2015 and TIP boasted that "With the favor of Allah and his support our Mujahideen brothers took war booty from the infidels" (بفضل الله ونصره إخواننا المجاهدون أخذوا الغنائم من الكفار).[136][137][138][139] TIP also seized the village of Zayzun in August.[140] The village Qarqur was also taken by the TIP.[141][142][143]Vorlage:Citekill A BMP was destroyed by TIP at Qarqur.[144] The village of Mansura, Hama fell to the TIP which released a video showing battlefield wreckage and boasted that "these are the BMPs and the tanks of the infidels destroyed by the Mujahideen". (هذه ب م ب والدبابات للكفار دمرت من قبل المجاهدين).[145] The villages of Muhambal, Msheirfeh, and Farikah fell to the TIP.[146] The villages of Tal Himka (Tal Hamkeh), Tal Awar (تل عوار), Ziadiyah (زياديه) and Mahattat Zayzun w:ar:المحطة الحرارية (زيزون) fell to the TIP.[147][148] The Turkistan Islamic Party and Jabhat Al-Nusra launched a joint operation which overran the Syrian military's Abu Dhuhur airbase during the Siege of Abu al-Duhur Airbase.[149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162] The Turkistan Islamic Party released photos of their Uyghur fighters at Abu Dhuhur.[163][164][165][166] Ahrar al-Sham, Jabhat al-Nusra and the Army of Conqest (Jaysh al Fatah) have been working with the Turkistan Islamic Party.[167] At Abu Dhuhur, Sheikh Muhaysini (an Al-Qaeda linked Saudi cleric) took pictures with Turkistan Islamic Party which was released by Islam Awazi.[168][169] Syrian regime military prisoners from Abu Dhuhur were exhibited in photos released by the Turkistan Islamic Party.[170] VICE News included footage of the Turkistan Islamic Party's fighters in Abu Dhuhur airbase in its documentary Inside the Battle: Al Nusra-Al Qaeda in Syria.[171][172] A video released by Turkistan Islamic Party featured Junud al-Sham deputy leader Abu Bakr al Shishani.[173] The Turkistan Islamic Party's Islam Awazi released photos of its fighters in Syria.[174]

After the Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War, TIP's Islam Awazi released photos and a video called "Scenes From the Recent Fighting in Sahal Al-Ghab" (مشاهد من المعارك الأخيرة في سهل الغاب) which showed its fighters in Al Ghab on the battlefield along with dead Syrian soldiers with captions that said: "standing up strongly to the Nusayri army and the Russians." (المجاهدين التركستانيين يتصدى بقوة للجيش النصيري ومن قبل الروس), "The corpses of the perishing infidels" (جثت الكفار الهالكين), "The Mujahideen destroy a BMB vehicle belonging to the Nusayri Army in Sahl al Ghab" (المجاهدون يدمرون عربة BMB للجيش النصيري في سهل الغاب), "The front lines of the Turkistani Mujahideen against the Nusayri army and Iranians and Russians in Sahl al Ghab" (رباط المجاهدين التركستانين ضد الجيش النصيري والإيراني والروسي في سهل الغاب) and "The Mujahideen standing strongly with the favor of Allah the mighty and sublime against the forces of the enemy and forcing them to withdraw in Sahl al Ghab." (يتصدى المجاهدون بفضل الله عز وجل بقوة للعدو وإرغامه وانسحاب في سهل الغاب).[175][176][177][178][179] A second video of the battle in al Ghab was released by TIP.[180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192] In response to the Russian-backed offensive by the Syrian Army, the Turkistan Islamic Party sent fighters to the Ghab Plain to support rebels in fighting against the Syrian Army, Iranian, and Hezbollah forces.[193][176][194] The Syria-based, Al-Qaeda linked Saudi cleric Abdullah Muhammad Al-Muhaysini arranged for foreign fighters of multiple backgrounds to repeat the phrase "The Levant is the graveyard of the Russians", in a video message, among them was a fighter claiming to be from "East Turkestan".[195][196] Jab al-Ahmar and Ghamaam in Latakia's countryside where Turkistan Islamic Party fighters were transferred from Idlib in response to the Russian intervention.[197][198]

On 27 November, the Al-Qaeda branch Nusra Front and the Turkistan Islamic Party fought against pro-Syrian government and Hezbollah forces around Jabal Nuba,[199] as the Syrian army bombarded them with artillery and Russian warplanes bombed Jabal al Akrad.[200] Russian warplanes bombarded positions around Jab al Ahmar in Jabal al Akrad, Jabal Zahi in Jabal Turkman, and in al Kandisiya in Jabal Turkman, of the Turkistan Islamic Party and Nusra Front as they fought against the Ba'ath Brigades and Hezbollah.[201] Both sides suffered casualties.[202][203][204][205] The Syrian Army's intense artillery bombardment with hundreds of rockets killed 15 fighters of the Turkistan Islamic Party along with its military leader in Jabal Turkman.[206] 30 fighters from the Turkistan Islamic Party were killed according to a statement released by the TIP.[207][208]

On 27–28 November, the Turkistan Islamic Party and Jund al-Aqsa fought against Hezbollah in Aleppo.[204][205]

On 29 November in Jisr al-Shughour the Turkistan Islamic Party's office was hit with bombs by Russian planes.[209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216]

The Syrian army was attacked by the Turkistan Islamic Party around Jeb al-Ahmar and Salma in Latakia in response to the Syrian army's advance.[217]

TIP's Islam Awazi released a photo showing the corpse of a beheaded Syrian army soldier, captioned : "The annihilation of one from the Nusayri regime gangs at the hands of the mujahideen - Ghamaam in Jebel Turkman" (هلاك أحد عصابات النظام النصيري على ايدي المجاهدين - غمام جبل التركمان ).[218][219][220][221] "The war booty which was seized by the Mujahideen from the axis of Ghamaam in Jabal Turkman" (الغنائم التي اغتنمها المجاهدون من محور غمام في جبل التركمان).[222]

TIP released a photo of a rocket captioned : "Side of the rocket which bombarded the mujahideen but did not explode due to the favor of Allah - Ghamaam in Jebel Turkman" (جانب من الصاروخ الذي استهدف المجاهدين ولم ينفجر بفضل لله - غمام جبل التركمان).[223][224][225][226] TIP released photos of uniforms, weapons, and ammunition captioned : "The war booty which was captured by the mujahideen from the axis - Ghamaam in Jebel Turkman"(الغنائم التي إغتنمها المجاهدون من محور غمام في جبل التركمان).[227][228][229][230][231][232]Vorlage:Citekill

An M2 Browning machine gun made in America was seen along with a TIP fighter in a photo issued by the TIP's Islam Awazi with the caption (رباط المجاهدين التركستانيين ضد الجيش النصيري في سهل الغاب), with the gun possibly given to the TIP by a US supported Syrian rebel faction or taken as war booty from other factions.[233] A captured Syrian army drone was shown by the TIP.[234][235] Weapons and munitions seized from the Syrian army were displayed by TIP.[236]

A TOW missile was used by the Turkistan Islamic Party in Sahl Al-Ghab against the Syrian Army.[237][238][239][240][241][242][243] Other pictures of TIP fighters fighting against the Syrian Army in Sahl al-Ghab were released.[244][245][246][247][248][249][250][251]

TIP's Islam Awazi media arm released photos of its members who carried out suicide bombings, Dadullah Turkistani[252][253] and Abdulbasit (Turguncan) Turkistani.[254] The TIP released pictures of dead Syrian soldiers they killed.[255] Islam Awazi released photos of its own dead members killed in Syria, Abbas Turkistani,[256] Ebu Firat Turkistani,[257] Zübeyir Turkistani,[258] Salim Turkistani,[259] Abdul Muhsin Turkistani,[260] Ebu Jendel Turkistani,[261] Abdussabur Turkistani,[262] and Abu al-'As (أبو العاص).[263]

TIP's Islam Awazi media arm released photos of its fighters in al-Ghab.[264][265] "Shot down reconnaissance drone belonging to the Nusayri enemy in Sahl al Ghab" (اسقاط طائرة استطلاع للعدو النصيري في سهل الغاب)[266] "Turkistani sniper targeting the enemy in Sahl al Ghab" (قناص تركستاني يستهدف العدو في سهل الغاب)[267][268][269][270][271][272][273][274][275][276][277][278][279][280][281][282][283][284][285]Vorlage:Citekill

TIP released a video and photos of its "jihad" in "Ghab Plain Operation 3" against Assad's Syrian army.[286][287][288][289] "Ghab Plain Operation 4"[290][291]

A photo was released by the TIP showing a gas mask being used in Hama by a Turkistan Islamic Party militant.[292]

A mass execution of 56 captured Syrian soldiers was carried out by the Turkestan Islamic Party along with Jabhat al-Nusra at Abu al-Duhur.[293][294][295][296][297][298][299][300]Vorlage:Citekill

Uyghurs operate two Jihadist training camps in Syria.[301] On 17 August 2013 the website Jihadology posted the March 2013 issue of TIP's Islamic Turkistan Arabic: (تركستان الإسلامية) Uyghur: (ئىسلامى تۈركىستان) magazine in which TIP displayed its fighters and their families, wives, and children in Syria on the side of the rebels.[302][303]

One of Sayfullakh Shishani's fighters in Jabhat al-Nusra claimed that a united faction called al-Muhajireen was formed out of the unification of the Uyghur Turkistan, Uzbek Abu Salyaha and Al-Bukhari, Ahlu Sunnah wal-Jama'a, and Jaish al-Muhajireen wal Ansar.[304] The alliance is made out and led by Al-Qaeda affiliated groups.[305]

Katiba Turkistan joined with Ahrar al-Sham, Jabhat al-Nusra, and Junud al-Sham against the Syrian army in the battle for Jisr al-Shughur.[306]

Arab news agencies reported that the Uyghurs in TIP, the Chechens in Junud Al Sham, Jabhat Al Nusra and Ahrar al Sham are being coordinated by Turkish intelligence to work with the Army of Conquest.[307][308][309]

Syrian Churches have been demolished by Turkistan Islamic Party Uyghur fighters, who exalted in the acts of destruction, and in Homs and Idlib battlefields the Turkistan Islamic Party cooperated with Uzbek brigades and Jabhat al-Nusra, Jabhat al-Nusra and IS (ISIL) compete with each other to recruit Uyghur fighters.[310] In Jisr al-Shughur a Church's cross had a TIP flag placed on top of it after the end of the battle.[311][312][313][314] The Uzbek group Katibat al-Tawhid wal Jihad (Tavhid va Jihod katibasi) released a video featuring themselves and the Uyghur Turkistan Islamic Party attacking and desecrating Christian Churches in Jisr al-Shughur.[315][316][317]<ref>http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews%5Bpointer%5D=34&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=43968&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=7&cHash=f7fb7d0ac0db70a362edc7c9830755ee#.VnJXVfkrKWg http://www.jamestown.org/programs/tm/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=43968&cHash=618bae17a86c2d23c30b7e219c3c731c#.VnJYI_krKWg http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=43968&no_cache=1#.VnJYnPkrKWg http://linkis. com/uY8Vs http://syriancivilwararchive.com/Articles/Al-Qaeda-Aligned-Central-Asian-Militants-in-Syria-Separate-from-Islamic-State-Aligned-IMU-in-Afghanistan.html#.VnJEm_krKWg</ref>[318]

The Turkistan Islamic Party has participated in besieging the Shiite villages Fua’a and Kafriyeh.[319][320]

Turkish connections were used by Uyghur fighters to go into Syria and the humanitarian Uyghur Eastern Turkistan Education and Solidarity Association (ETESA) which is located in Turkey sent Uyghurs into Syria, endorsed the killing of the pro-China Imam Juma Tayir, applauded attacks in China, and posted on its website content from the TIP.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Zenn|first1=Jacob|title=An Overview of Chinese Fighters and Anti-Chinese Militant Groups in Syria and Iraq|journal=China Brief|date=10 October 2014 <!-- 04:11 PM --> |volume=14|issue=19|url= http://www.jamestown.org/regions/middleeast/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=42944&tx_ttnews[backPid]=49&cHash=266cbf52f118868715823bbffd809caf#.VX3kqEZGR9g |archiveurl= http://www.jamestown.org/regions/chinaasiapacific/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=42944&tx_ttnews[backPid]=52&cHash=6a7e9a92db556afc0ec56de4c31c6b79#.VX3p_EZGR9g |archivedate= 10 October 2014 <!-- 04:11 PM --> |accessdate=14 June 2015|publisher=The Jamestown Foundation}}</ref> Turkish passports were used by Uyghurs who were seeking to contact Mujahidin Indonesia Timor, a pro-ISIS organization in Sulawesi in Indonesia.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Zenn|first1=Jacob|title=An Overview of Chinese Fighters and Anti-Chinese Militant Groups in Syria and Iraq|journal=China Brief|date=10 October 2014 <!-- 04:11 PM --> |volume=14|issue=19|url= http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=42944&no_cache=1#.VbcF4flGR9g |accessdate=14 June 2015|publisher=The Jamestown Foundation}}</ref>

After Thailand deported Uyghurs back to China whom China suspected to have "been on their way to Turkey, Syria or Iraq to join jihad" , John Kirby, a United States State Department spokesman, slammed the move and said Thailand should "allow those remaining ethnic Uighurs to depart voluntarily to a country of their choice".[321] TIP's "Islamic Turkistan" Twitter account condemned the deportation and called China and Thailand as "polytheist enemies of Allah" (أعداء الله المشركين),[322] and called Thailand's government a "Buddhist" government.[323][324][325][326]

TIP's Islam Awazi encouraged entire Uyghur families including women and children to emigrate abroad to perform "Jihad".[327][328][329][330] Chinese authorities reported that they discovered that Uyghurs attempting to move to Turkey via Southeast Asia had radical Islamist materials on their phones.[331]

The "Doğu Türkistan Haber Ajansı" (East Turkestan News Agency) published an article from Al-Qaeda branch Al-Nusrah's "Al-Risalah magazine" (مجلة الرسالة),[332] second issue (العدد الثاني)[333][334] translated into Turkish and titled Al Risale : "Türkistan Dağları " 1. Bölüm (The Message : "Turkistan Mountains" Part 1.) on a Uyghur family, including a man, his brother, his sister, his wife, and his two little daughters and two nieces travelling from "East Turkestan" to Syria to join the "Jihad in the path of Allah".[335] The article claimed that "Turks" lived in "East Turkestan" for "four thousand years" and claimed "East Turkestan" was not part of China.[336] The article attacked China and the Gulf states like Saudi Arabia, accusing both China and the Saudis of running the same kind of government run Islamic institutes and organizations to control Muslims like "scholars for dollars and "palace scholars". The article then praised Allah for allowing Muslims from "Turkestan" to go to the Levant for Jihad.[337][338] El Risale addressed Muslims in Europe and criticized how they could go to Syria more easier than Muslims from "Turkestan", while the "Turkistani Mujahideen" endured massive obstacles and difficulties in reaching Syria to perform "Jihad in the path of Allah".[339][340] "Doğu Türkistan Haber Ajansı" carried an interview between El Risale and Abu Firas al-Suri, a leader in Al-Qaeda linked Nusra Front.[341][342] Al Qaida cleric Abdullah Al-Muhaysini praised the Turkistan Islamic Party fighters in their attacks against the "Nusayris" of Assad's army (Alawites).[343][344]

Doğu Türkistan Haber Ajansı's Twitter account "Doğu Türkistan" released a photo from Islam Awazi showing a picture from 1884 of the "Manchu-Chinese oppression".[345]

On a communique dated to Wednesday, 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah 1436 Hijra TIP's Islam Awazi media arm stated that This year is drawing to a close and we thank Allah for what He has blessed us with conquests, victories, and glory. 'We your brothers the Mujahideen of Turkistan are continuing in the liberation of the land of al-Sham and proceeding in our jihad for the sake of Allah to liberate every last inch of the land of al-Sham, with permission from Allah.[346][347][348][349][350][351][352][353][354]

There is also a minority of Syrians serving in the majority Uyghur TIP branch in Syria, known as "Ansari" (ئەنسارى).[355][356][357][358][359][360] Syria Deeply interviewed a Moroccan foreign fighter in Syria who was working with TIP.[361] A French-Moroccan member of the TIP in Syria was killed and identified by neighbors from the French town of Hérouville-Saint-Clair from a photo released by the TIP.[362][363][364]

The Turkistan Islamic Party is considered "Salafi-Jihadi".[365][366]

al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb received condolences upon the death of one of its leaders, the chief of the Shariah wing, Rashid al Bulaydi (رشيد البليدي) from the Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria.[367][368][369][370][371]

The Ambassador of Syria to China, Imad Moustapha, has accused Turkey of facilitating the entry of Uighur jihadists into Syria.[372]

As part of an effort to reach out to foreign Muslims, on the Ink of Swords (Medad al-Sayouf) Network, an Arabic language magazine titled "Islamic Turkistan" (Turkistan al-Islamia) (تركستان الإسلامية) was issued by ETIM on January 2009 and it described ETIM as "a group of workers for Islam and the mujahideen in the Cause of Allah in order to liberate Turkistan", and said that the aim of ETIM was to "establish an Islamic Caliphate in the light of the Book and the Sunnah", "in the Cause of Allah, promotion of virtue, prevention of vice, and the call to Allah.", to create an Islamic State by means of jihad.[373]

Fellow Al-Qaeda aligned Islamist organizations with the aim of a worldwide Islamic Caliphate cooperate with TIP (ETIM) whose own goal is an Islamic State, with TIP fighting against the militaries of Syria and Pakistan in addition to China and being assisted by Central Asian, Gulf, European, and North American based outfits and the TIP leader Abdullah Mansour used the words "mujahideen" and "jihadi operation" in a Uighur language video produced by TIP's Islam Awazi (Uyghur: ئىسلام ئاۋازى) Ṣawt al-Islām (Arabic:صوت الإسلام) Media Center when TIP took responsibility for the 29 October 2013 Tianmen Square terrorist attack.[374]

Islam Awazi released a video showing Burqa clad women being militarily trained by the Turkistan Islamic Party with guns and RPGs.[375][376][377][378]

Camps training children for Jihad are being run by the Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria.[379][380][381][382] Uyghur child soldiers being instructed in Sharia and training with guns were depicted in a video released by TIP.[383]

A video of a training camp in Waziristan in Pakistan's tribal areas showing children being trained with weapons was released by the Turkistan Islamic Party's Islam Awazi.[384]

TIP released a video titled "The Travels of the Believers".[385]

TIP released a video titled "Message to the Mujāhidīn of the Caucasus".[386]

TIP released a video titled "Advice to Our Muslim Brothers in Turkey".[387][388]

The TIP in Syria released a video series called "Lovers of Paradise" (عشاق الجنة).[389][390][391][392]

The TIP in Syria released a video series called "Blessings for the strangers" (طوبى للغرباء).[351][393][394][395][396][397][398][399][400][401][402]Vorlage:Citekill In the second video of the series, the leader of TIP in Syria Abu Rida al-Turkestani read out a document with an Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) letterhead, detailing the history of the founding of the Turkistan Islamic Party by Hasan Mahsum and "East Turkstani immigrants" when they moved to Taliban controlled Afghanistan, gave allegiance to Mullah Omar and founded the organization.[396]

The TIP in Syria released a series of photographs titled "Pictures from the land of the Epic Battles (Malaahim)" (صور من أرض الملاحم).[403][404][405][406][407][408][409][410][411][412]Vorlage:Citekill TIP also released photographs under the Turkish title "Nadir Suretler".[413][414][415][416][417]Vorlage:Citekill

TIP's Islam Awazi released a "Visual Nasheed" (النشيد المرئي) titled "Wake Up Oh Muslim Ummah" (استيقظي يا أمة الإسلام). The end of the nasheed video featured TIP fighters burning a Syrian flag, the burning of a portrait of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, and footage of the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center, with the Uyghur language subtitles of the nasheed referring to the "Kafirlar" (كافرلار) (infidels) when the destruction of the World Trade Center towers was shown on the video.[418][419][420]

TIP's Islam Awazi released a "Visual Nasheed" (النشيد المرئي) titled "Return to Your Religion" (إرجع الى دينك) (دىنىڭە قايت) in the Kazakh language.[421][422][423]

It was announced that TIP's "Voice of Islam" media would be solely released on Twitter, Shamoukh, and Fida'a via the "Global Islamic Media Front".[424][425]

TIP released a Nasheed "The Sacrificer of Self for God" or “The Sacrificer of Self for Allah” (فدائي) (فىدائىي).[426][427][428][429][430]

TIP released a Nasheed "If I Was Killed".[431][432][433]

TIP released a Nasheed "Told From Me, Oh My Father".[434][435][436]

TIP released a Nasheed "Your Giving to the Lord".[437][438]

TIP released a Nasheed "You Should Realize, Oh His Mother, Verily Your Son Is In the Way of God".[439][440]

TIP released a Nasheed "Lions of Turkistān".[441][442]

In 2013, Islam Awazi released a video showing Burqa clad women being militarily trained by the Turkistan Islamic Party with guns and RPGs.[375][376][377][378][443]

The video "Path of Jihad" (طريق الجهاد) (جىھاد يولى) was released by the Syrian branch of the Turkistan Islamic Party. in Syria[444][445]

"Turkistani" is used as an alternate ethonym for "Uyghur" by some Uyghurs.[446][447]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released a video titled "A Message to the Turkestanis" (رسالة الى التركستانيين) (تۈركىستانلىق قېرىنداشلارغا رىسالە) featuring Abdullah Al-Muhaysini, an Al-Qaeda cleric of Saudi origin.[448][449] Muhaysini urged the "Turkistani Musims" to raise their children to love death like "infidels" love life.[450]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released a video titled "Importance of Martyrdom Operations in Our Current Time" (أهمية العمليات الإستشهادية في زمننا الحاضر) (زامانىمىزدىكى پىدائىيلىق ئەمەلىيىتىنىڭ ئەھمىيىتى) by Abdullah al-Muhaysini.[451][452][453][454][455][456][457]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released a "Visual Nasheed" (النشيد المرئي) titled "The Martyrs" (الشهداء) (شەھىدلەر) showing dead Turkistan Islamic Party militants who were killed in Syria along with descriptions of Jannah (جنة) (paradise) including Hoor (الحور) (virgins), saying that there would be 72 of them waiting for the dead "martyrs".[458][459][460][461][462][463][464][465][466][467][468][469][470][471][472][473][474][475][476]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released a video titled "Virtues of the Turkestani Mujahideen in Shaam" (فضائل المجاهدين التركستاني في الشام) (شامدىكى تۈركىستانلىق مۇجاھىدلارنىڭ پەزىلەتلىرى) (شامدىكى تۈركىستانلىق مۇجاھىدلارنىڭ پەزىلىتى) by Abdullah al-Muhaysini in which he held up the example of one fighter in Syria for whom it took two years to travel there from "Turkistan".[477][478][479][480][481][482][483][484][485]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released a video titled “And There Is No Victory Except From Allah" (وَمَا النَّصْرُ إِلاَّ مِنْ عِندِ اللّه ِ(1)) (ياردەم پەقەت ئاللاھ تەرىپىدىنلا كېلىدۇ 1- قىسىم).[486][487][488][489][490][491][492][493][494][495][496][497][498][499][500][501]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released a visual nasheed (النشيد المرئي) called "Seeking Martyrdom (إبتغاء الشهادة) (شاھادەت ئىزدەپ).[502][503][504][505][506][507][508][509][510][511][512][513][514][515]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released "A Call From the Front Lines of Jihad #1" (نداء من الثغور الجهاد - 1) (جىھاد ئالدىنقى سەپلىرىدىن سادا).[516][517][518][519][520][521][522] TIP released "A Call From the Front Lines of Jihad #2" (نداء من الثغور الجهاد - 2).[523][524][525][526][527][528] TIP released "A Call From the Front Lines of Jihad #3" (نداء من الثغور الجهاد - 3) (جىھاد ئالدىنقى سەپلىرىدىن سادا 3).[529][530][531][532][533][534][535][536] TIP released “A Call From the Frontlines of Jihad 4” (نداء من الثغور الجهاد 4) (جىھاد ئالدىنقى سەپلىرىدىن سادا 4).[537][538][539][540][541][542]

The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria released pictures of TIP fighters in Jab al Ahmar on Jabal al Akrad in Lattakia.[543][544][545][546]

Child soldiers

Bearbeiten

Camps training children for Jihad are being run by the Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria.[547][548][549] Photos of the child military training camps in Syria were released by the Turkistan Islamic Party, who labelled the children as "little mujahideen" (Küçük Mücahitler).[550][551][552][553] Uyghur child soldiers being instructed in Sharia and training with guns were depicted in a video released by TIP.[383][554][555][556][557][558]

Photos of a training camp for Uyghur children run by the Turkistan Islamic Party were released by Islam Awazi.[559][560][561][562] Photos released by Turkistan Islamic Party's Islam Awazi media which showed Uyghur militants along with Uyghur children in Syria, including one child holding an AK-47, the Uyghurs cooperated with Jabhat Al-Nusra and had pledged alleigance (bay'ah) to Taliban leader Mullah Omar.[563] Another photo released by Islam Awazi showed Uyghur children training with AK-47's and with shahada headbands at a camp in the Afpak (Afghanistan-Pakistan) region.[564] Pictures were released by Islam Awazi of Afghanistan-based Turkistan Islamic Party training children for Jihad.[565][566][567] A video of a training camp in Waziristan in Pakistan's tribal areas showing children being trained with weapons was released by the Turkistan Islamic Party's Islam Awazi.[568][569][570][571][572][573][574] A video of a TIP child in Afghanistan reading a Quran was released.[575]

Pictures of Uyghur girls wearing the hijab and posing with guns were posted by the Turkistan Islamic Party's Islam Awazi.[576][577][578][579][580]Vorlage:Citekill

Photos released by TIP's Islam Awazi showed Uyghur children in Idlib, Syria, with AK-47s, reading Qurans, and Burqa clad women praying.[581] The child soldiers were also shown engaging in religious studies.[582]

The village of Az-Zanbaqi (الزنبقي) in Jisr al-Shughur's countryside has become a base for a massive amount of Uyghur Turkistan Islamic Party militants and their families in Syria, estimated at around 3,500, military camps in the area are training hundreds of children from these families; Hezbollah media, Iranian media and Syrian government media accused Turkish intelligence of being involved in transporting these Uyghurs via Turkey to Syria, with the aim of using them first in Syria to help Jabhat Al-Nusra and gain combat experience fighting against the Syrian Army before sending them back to Xinjiang to fight against China if they manage to survive.[167][583][584][585][586][587][588][589][590][591][592][593][594][595][596][597][598][599][600][601][602]

The Syrian political analyst and Arab nationalist Taleb Ibrahim accused Turkey of trying to demographically alter areas of Syria by sending in Turkic peoples like Uyghurs, Turkmens, and others to take over whole villages after ethnically cleansing the Arab locals, accusing Turkey of neo-Ottoman and Turkish colonialist policies towards Syria and trying to take parts of Syria from Arabs.[603][604]

The Lebanese newspaper Al-Akhbar wrote an article accusing Turkey of supporting the Turkistan Islamic Party against Syria, with a Turkish-based website recruiting "Uyghur Mujahideen" to come to Turkey and help them enter Syria to fight the Syrian government.[605][606]

Küresel Analiz compiled a photo gallery of Turkistan Islamic Party members in Syria.[607][608]

Guantanamo Bay detainees

Bearbeiten

The United States captured 22 Uyghur militants from combat zones in Afghanistan in 2006 on information that they were linked to Al-Qaeda.[609] They were imprisoned without trial for five to seven years, where they testified that they were trained by ETIM leader Abdul Haq, at an ETIM training camp. After being reclassified as No Longer Enemy Combatant,[610] a panel of judges ordered them released into the United States. Despite the alarm of politicians that the release of terrorist camp-trained Uyghurs into the United States was unsafe and illegal, they could not be released back to China because of its human rights record.[611] Some of the Uyghurs have been transferred to Palau, and some to Bermuda despite objections by the United Kingdom, but the United States is having difficulties finding governments who will accept the rest.[612]

Vorlage:See also In 2007, ETIM militants in cars shot Chinese nationals in Pakistani Balochistan and sent a videotape of the attack to Beijing, in retaliation for an execution of an ETIM official earlier that July.[613] ETIM also took credit for a spate of attacks before the 2008 Summer Olympics, including a series of bus bombings in Kunming, an attempted plane hijacking in Urumqi,[610] and an attack on paramilitary troops in Kashgar that killed 17 officers.[614] On 29 June 2010, a court in Dubai convicted two members of an ETIM cell of plotting to bomb a government-owned shopping mall that sold Chinese goods. This was the ETIM plot outside of China or Central Asia. The key plotter was recruited during Hajj and was flown to Waziristan to train.[615] In July 2010, officials in Norway interrupted a terrorist bomb plot, another instance of ETIM branching out of its original regions and cooperating with international groups. New York Times correspondent Edward Wong says that ETIM "give[s] them a raison d'être at a time when the Chinese government has... defused any chance of a widespread insurgency... in Xinjiang."[614]

In October 2013, a suicide attack in Tiananmen Square caused 5 deaths and 38 injuries. Chinese police described it as the first terrorist attack in Beijing's recent history. Turkistan Islamic Party later claimed responsibility for the attack.[616][617]

Responsibility for the April 2014 Ürümqi attack was claimed by the Turkistan Islamic Party.[618][619]

Analysis

Bearbeiten

Violent attacks were carried out by Turkey, Afghanistan, and Central Asian based groups.[620]

In 2010 responsibility for attacks in China was claimed by the Turkistan Islamic Party.[621][622][623]

Several attacks in 2011 in Xinjiang were claimed by the Turkistan Islamic Party.[624]

In Beijing's Xidan district, a bus bomb killed two people on March 7, 1997 and Uyghur separatists boasted that they were behind the attack.[625] The participation of Uyghurs in the bus bombing was dismissed by the Chinese government even while the Turkey-based "Organisation for East Turkistan Freedom" boasted to committing the attack.[626]

Even while the Uyghur jihadist group Turkistan Islamic Party distributes propaganda videos and its own Arabic Islamic Turkistan magazine, which is documented by Jihadology.net and the Jamestown Foundation, the Chinese government seems to try to refuse to acknowledge the existence of the Turkistan Islamic Party, with China even trying to claim that there was no terrorist connection to the 2008 bus bombings in China even while Turkistan Islamic Party boasted on video to committing the attacks.[627]

Stratfor has noted repeated unexplained attacks on Chinese buses in 2008 have followed a history of ETIM targeting Chinese infrastructure, and noted the group's splintering and subsequent reorganization following the death of Mahsum.[628]

Intelligence analysts J. Todd Reed and Diana Raschke acknowledge that reporting in China presents obstacles not found in countries where information is not so tightly controlled. However, they found that ETIM's existence and activities could be confirmed independently of Chinese government sources, using information gleaned from ETIM's now-defunct website, reports from human rights groups and academics, and testimony from the Uyghur detainees at Guantanamo Bay. Reed & Raschke also question the information put out by Uyghur expatriates that deny ETIM's existence or impact, as the Uyghurs who leave Xinjiang are those who object most to government policy, are unable to provide first-hand analysis, and have an incentive to exaggerate repression and downplay militancy. They say that ETIM was "obscure but not unknown" before the September 11 attacks, citing "Western, Russian, and Chinese media sources" that have "documented the ETIM's existence for nearly 20 years".[629]

Media coverage

Bearbeiten

Western media

Bearbeiten

Nick Holdstock, in a New York Times interview claimed that no organization is taking responsibility for attacks in Xinjiang, and that there is not enough proof to blame any organization for the attacks, that most "terrorism" there is "unsubstantiated", and that posting internet videos online is the only thing done by the "vague and shadowy" ETIM.[630]

Uyghur media

Bearbeiten

The Turkistan Islamic Party's magazine "Turkistān al-Islāmīyyah" Issue #14 endorsed attacks and killings against Chinese workers and referred to "Martyrdom Operations" against a police station and a "Martyr's Brigade".[631]

TIP's "Islamic Turkistan" magazine Issue #14 praised the Taliban and "mujahideen" for what it called the "humiliating" of America in Afghanistan and boasted that American suffered over 17 billion dollars of damage of "physical and military losses" and "ten thousand soldiers" dead at the hands of Arab and non-Arab "mujahideen".[632][633][634][635]

The TIP has some members of other ethnicities besides the Uighur, a TIP suicide bomber in Afghanistan who attacked American troops was Nuruddin, a Turkish militant and he advocated that Turks and Uighurs mount "Islamic flags at the White House and Beijing's Tiananmen Square" while a TIP Kazakh member named Uspan Batir made an appearance in a video and said There is a line artificially drawn by the infidel in between us--saying you are from Kazakhstan, Turkistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan--there is a line drawn artificially by the infidel, my brothers . . . The religion never came only to Kazakhs, it did not come only to Uighurs, and it did not come only to Arabs . . . Do not separate. Allah said, you do not separate to say that ‘you are Kazakhstan, you are Turkistan and you are Uzbekistan.’[20]

The Turkish TIP suicide bomber Nuruddin called for expulsion of "Crusader" and "Buddhist" "infidels", and called "Andalusia, East Turkistan, Chechyna, South Africa" as "lands of Islam".[636][637][638] Nuruddin said that Allah "blesses" the "Jihad" in Somalia, Iraq, Chechnya, Yemen and other places and that the "Muslim Mujahideen" were fighting NATO and America.[639][640] Ebu Bekir Et Turki committed the suicide attack along with Nuruddin.[641]

Islam Awazi released a video called "We Are Coming O Buddhists" (نحن قادمون أيّها البوذيون) of a TIP affiliated Rohingya cleric named Sheikh Abu Dhar ‘Azzam (أبو ذر عزام) (Abu Dhar al-Burmi) who also called for the killing of Buddhists in addition to Chinese, saying in Arabic that "Killing you... Slaughtering you... And cutting off your heads is all good", "Kill you, spill your blood, cut off your head is a good thing", the unedited message said "We are Muslims, and you are our enemies oh Buddhists and Chinese: You will not see us and killing you, and spilling your blood, and cutting your heads of: all of it is good, insha Allah" (نحن مسلمون، ولو كنتم أعداءنا أيُّها البوذيون والصينيون: لن تروا منا إلا خيرًا، وقتلكم وإسالة دمائكم، وقطع رؤوسكم: كله خير إن شاء الله.ـ) on 24 February 2014, he also said "we are a nation that loves death while you are a nation that loves wine and women, and we are coming insha Allah, we want to kill Buddhists to the east of this land and to the west of it". (إننا قوم نحب الموت كما تحبون الخمر والنساء، وإننا قادمون إن شاء الله، نحن نريد أن نقتل البوذيين في شرق الأرض وغربها.ـ), he also said "those Chinese Buddhists, their small eyes, flat noses. Judgment day will not come, until we attacked them. Judgment day will not come, until we slaughter them. Judgment day will not come, until our war with them and attacking them." (وأوصيكم بأن هؤلاء الصينيين البوذيين صغار الأعين فطس الأنوف: لا تقوم الساعة حتى نقاتلهم، لا تقوم الساعة حتى نذبحهم، لا تقوم الساعة حتى نتلاحم معهم، ونقاتل ضدهم.ـ)[642][643]

In the Turkistan Islamic Party's Turkestan Al-Islamiyya magazine, Issue 13, Abu Dhar 'Azzam (Abu Dhar Al-Burmi) congratulated the Tsarnaev brothers on their terrorist attack in the Boston Marathon bombing, saying In the very house of unbelief, two Chechen brothers destroyed the infidels' fortresses on April 16, 2013. During the [ensuing] search [by the authorities for the perpetrators], the elder brother died as a martyr in the field of glory and honor, Allah willing. The younger brother, Dzokhar, remained, and told his dear nation: 'We did this operation as revenge for what America does in Palestine, Iraq, and Afghanistan.' He didn't mention his homeland Chechnya, since this jihad is a jihad of [an entire] nation, not [a campaign] for the liberation of a single land.... The Muslims' lands are one and their honor is one.[644][645][646]

Abu Dhar Azzam called upon Muslims to attack Germany, China, and Burma, saying : Rise O servants of Allah to help your brothers and sisters!, Rise to save your sons and daughters! Do your best in jihad, O guardians of creed and [monotheism], against the enemies of Allah the idolatrous Buddhists, and target the most important installations of Burma, China and Germany, and their interests and the interests of the United Nations, which supports these massacres and this genocide in Arakan.[647] Abu Dhar ‘Azzam featured in a video released by TIP titled "We Have To Empower Islam In the Depths Of Our Hearts".[648][649][649][650]

Designation as a terrorist group

Bearbeiten

Countries and organizations below have officially listed the Turkestan Islamic Movement as a terrorist group.

Country Date References
Vorlage:Flagcountry 2006 [651]

After the 9/11 attacks, ETIM was placed on the United States' Terrorist Exclusion List, which includes organizations conducting terrorist activities. It has since been removed from that list.[6]

The group was also classified as 'terrorist' by the following:

See also

Bearbeiten
  • Vorlage:Note The official name of the organization since 1999 is the "Turkistan Islamic Movement", but in English it is known by its old name and acronym, ETIM.[18][30] Other aliases adopted over the years are "East Turkistan Islamic Party", "Allah Party", and "East Turkistan National Revolution Association".[661]

References

Bearbeiten

Vorlage:Reflist

Further reading

Bearbeiten
  • Reed, J. Todd; Raschke, Diana (2010). The ETIM: China's Islamic Militants and the Global Terrorist Threat. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. ISBN 978-0-313-36540-9
Bearbeiten

Vorlage:Al-Qaeda direct franchises


  1. Baogang Guo, Dennis V. Hickey: Toward Better Governance in China: An Unconventional Pathway of Political Reform. Lexington Books, 2009, ISBN 978-0-7391-4029-1, S. 201– (google.com).
  2. Katie Nelson: Islamic State executed 3 of its militants from China, Global Times reports, Shanghaiist.com, 5. Februar 2015 
  3. "East Turkistan" Terrorist Forces Cannot Get Away With Impunity, PRC State Council, 21 January 2002. Abgerufen im 15 February 2015 
  4. List of groups designated terrorist organisations by the UAE. In: The National (Abu Dhabi). Abgerufen am 19. Mai 2015.
  5. List of groups designated terrorist organisations by the UAE. In: The National (Abu Dhabi). Abgerufen am 19. Mai 2015.
  6. a b "U.S.Department of State Terrorist Exclusion List"(Retrieved on 29 July 2014).
  7. China issues white paper on history, development of Xinjiang (Part One), 26 Mai 2003. Abgerufen im 31 Juli 2010 
  8. a b c Lüthi, Lorenz M.: The Sino-Soviet split: Cold War in the communist world. Princeton University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-13590-8.
  9. Regions and territories: Xinjiang In: Country Profiles, BBC News, 15. Juli 2009. Abgerufen im 7. August 2010 
  10. Marketos, Thrassy N.: China's Energy Geopolitics: The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and Central Asia. Taylor & Francis, 2009, ISBN 978-0-415-45690-6.
  11. a b Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen AcharyaGunaratna2010 1.
  12. Arabinda Acharya, Rohan Gunaratna, Wang Pengxin: Ethnic Identity and National Conflict in China. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010, ISBN 978-0-230-10787-8, S. 54 ff. (google.com).
  13. China Perspectives. C.E.F.C., 2003, S. 40 ([.+.+..+Some+of+them+even+held+...+It+was+re-organised+around+the+East+Turkistan+Islamic+Party+%28ETIP%29+%28Sharki+Turkistan+Islam+Partisi%29.&dq=%22Seize+the+power+with+the+help+of+the+Soviet+Union+and+establish+an+independent+Eastern+Turkestan+Republic%22+[.+.+.].+Some+of+them+even+held+...+It+was+re-organised+around+the+East+Turkistan+Islamic+Party+%28ETIP%29+%28Sharki+Turkistan+Islam+Partisi%29.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjN_vKSqbXJAhUKQiYKHTphCMEQ6AEIHzAA google.com]).
  14. "东突"恐怖势力难脱罪责土. 五洲传播出版社, 2002, ISBN 978-7-5085-0029-4, S. 5 ff. (google.com).
  15. Shaukat Piracha: China asks Pakistan to investigate Xinjiang terrorists list (Memento des Originals vom 17. Juli 2009 im Internet Archive), Daily Times (Pakistan), 17. Januar 2004. Abgerufen im 7. August 2010 
  16. Patrick Goodenough: Preparing to Mark 60 Years of Communist Rule, China Worries About Terrorism (Memento des Originals vom 16. Mai 2010 im Internet Archive), Cybercast News Service, 26. August 2009. Abgerufen im 31, Juliy 2010 
  17. Pan Guang: East Turkestan Terrorism and the Terrorist Arc: china's Post-9/11 Anti-Terror Strategy. In: China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly. 4. Jahrgang, Nr. 2, Mai 2006, ISSN 1653-4212.
  18. a b Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen sf1.
  19. Hu Jintao urges Zardari to crush ETIM extremists, The Nation (Pakistan). Abgerufen im 3 November 2013 
  20. a b Jacob Zenn: On the Eve of 2014: Islamism in Central Asia. In: Current Trends in Islamist Ideology. Hudson Institute, 24. Juni 2013 (hudson.org [abgerufen am 18. September 2015]).
  21. Jacob Zenn: Increasing Numbers of Central Asian Jihadists in Syria. In: The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst. The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst, 2. Oktober 2013 (cacianalyst.org [abgerufen am 18. September 2015]).
  22. http://tonyblairfaithfoundation.org/religion-geopolitics/glossary/taliban
  23. Islamic Turkistan - Search Results - JIHADOLOGY. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  24. Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "The Sisters in the Way of God" - JIHADOLOGY. In: JIHADOLOGY. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  25. Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Lovers of Paradise #15" - JIHADOLOGY. In: JIHADOLOGY. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  26. Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "The Sacrifices for the Sake of God" - JIHADOLOGY. In: JIHADOLOGY. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  27. Ṣawt al-Islām presents Issue #12 of Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party] magazine: "Turkistān al-Islāmīyyah". In: JIHADOLOGY. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  28. Aaron Y. Zelin: New issue of Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party] magazine: "Turkistān al-Islāmīyyah Magazine #18". In: JIHADOLOGY. 19. November 2015, abgerufen am 19. November 2015.
  29. Shaykh Bashir: Why Are We Fighting China? NEFA Foundation, 1. Juli 2008, abgerufen am 7. August 2010: „...We are fighting China... China is an enemy who has invaded Muslim countries and occupies Muslim East Turkestan. There is no greater obligation, aside from belief in Allah, than expelling the enemies of Muslims from our countries.... We are fighting China to make them testify that 'there is no God but Allah, Mohammed is the Messenger of Allah' and make them convert to Islam....“
  30. a b Chinese Islamists threaten Olympics: US group (Memento des Originals vom 12 December 2011 im Internet Archive), 7 August 2008. Abgerufen im 7 August 2010 
  31. Xinjiang riot hits regional anti-terror nerve, China Daily, 18 July 2009. Abgerufen im 1 August 2010 
  32. 'Eastern Turkistan' terrorists identified, China Daily, 21 October 2008. Abgerufen im 31 July 2010 
  33. Xinjiang fighter 'killed by drone', Al Jazeera, 2 March 2010. Abgerufen im 26 August 2012 „The leader of a Chinese separatist movement, believed to have links with al-Qaeda, has been killed in a US missile strike, Pakistani and Taliban officials have said.“ 
  34. http://neildoyle.com/tip-leader-killed-in-pakistan-drone-strike/
  35. Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen longwarjournal.org.
  36. Declan Walsh, Eric Schmitt: Militant Leader Believed Dead in Pakistan Drone Strike, New York Times, 24 August 2012. Abgerufen im 26 August 2012 „Among the 18 people reported to have been killed was Emeti Yakuf, a senior leader of the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, a group from western China whose members are Chinese Uighur Muslim militants.“ 
  37. a b Badruddin Haqqani: 2IC of Haqani Network allegedly killed in NATO attack. FATA Research Center, abgerufen am 3. November 2013.
  38. Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen Jamestown Foundation.
  39. Potter 2013, p. 74.
  40. Potter 2013, pp. 71-74.
  41. FOREIGN TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS p. 237.
  42. US airstrike killed 15 Turkistan Islamic Party fighters in Afghanistan. In: Long War Journal. 23. Januar 2010;.
  43. Turkistan Islamic Party leader thought killed in US drone strike. In: Long War Journal. 25. August 2012;.
  44. Zawahiri endorses war in Kashmir but says don't hit Hindus in 'Muslim lands' In: Reuters, 17 September 2013 
  45. Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi: Ayman al-Zawahiri's Pledge of Allegiance to New Taliban Leader Mullah Muhammad Mansour. In: meforum. 13. August 2015;.
  46. Joanna Paraszczuk: Why Zawahri's Pledge To Taliban Could Be A Boon For IS In: Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty, 15 August 2015 
  47. Al-Qaeda urges fight against West and Russia In: Reuters, 2 November 2015 
  48. Sounak Mukhopadhyay: Al Qaeda Chief Hints Joining Hands With ISIS In War Against Russia, US In: International Business Times, November 2, 2015 
  49. Eric Knecht: Al Qaeda chief urges militant unity against Russia in Syria In: REUTERS, Nov 1, 2015 
  50. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video message from Dr. Ayman al-Ẓawāhirī: "To Unite for the Liberation of Jerusalem". In: JIHADOLOGY. 1. November 2015;.
  51. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662668079319633920
  52. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  53. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/644269919492698112
  54. Zia Ur Rehman: China concerned about Uyghur rebels operating in Pakistan In: The Friday Times, 8–13 June 2012 
  55. Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party] ‘Abd Allah Manṣūr: "Eulogy For the Amīr Abū ‘Uthmān Dokku Umarov". In: JIHADOLOGY. Abgerufen am 19. Mai 2015.
  56. http://videos.videopress.com/pwl0YeDc/abd-allah-mane1b9a3c5abr-22eulogy-for-the-amc4abr-abc5ab-e28098uthmc481n-dokku-umarov22_dvd.mp4
  57. http://i2.wp.com/videos.videopress.com/pwl0YeDc/abd-allah-mane1b9a3c5abr-22eulogy-for-the-amc4abr-abc5ab-e28098uthmc481n-dokku-umarov22_dvd.original.jpg
  58. Adam: TIP Leader Expresses Solidarity with Chechen Fighters Over Umarov Death - Multimedia - Articles. In: siteintelgroup.com. Abgerufen am 19. Mai 2015.
  59. Muslims in Central Asia and The Coming Battle of Islam. 1999;.
  60. Şeyh Ebu Yahya El Libi : Doğu Türkistan’a Sahip Çıkın !! doguturkistanbulteni.com, 22. August 2015;.
  61. http://raffaellopantucci.com/2011/06/24/turkistan-islamic-party-video-attempts-to-explain-uyghur-militancy-to-chinese/
  62. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oe-HDl2V5Vg Hani al-Sibai : East Turkistan (هاني السباعي : تركستان الشرقية )
  63. Aaron Y. Zelin: New statement from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Concerning the Death of Mullā Muḥmmad ‘Umar". In: JIHADOLOGY. 3. August 2015;.
  64. https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22concering-the-death-of-mullc481-mue1b8a5mmad-umar22.pdf
  65. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CLb-InuWgAEgCha.jpg
  66. http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/01/14/theyre-only-sleeping
  67. http://www.dw.com/en/who-is-fighting-in-northern-afghanistan/a-18765739
  68. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34406648
  69. http://www.rferl.org/content/afghanistan-kunduz-taliban-offensive-foreign-fighters/26993864.html
  70. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/01/world/a-taliban-prize-won-in-a-few-hours-after-years-of-strategy.html?_r=0
  71. http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/afghan-us-force-back-taliban-in-kunduz/story-e6frg6so-1227552951441
  72. http://tvnewsroom.org/newslines/world/taliban-say-pulling-back-from-centre-of-kunduz-but-can-return-162795/
  73. http://www.firstpost.com/world/behind-the-capture-of-kunduz-heres-why-pakistan-was-behind-talibans-victory-2466780.html
  74. http://www.firstpost.com/world/is-kunduz-the-victory-isi-wanted-for-puppet-taliban-chief-mullah-mansoor-2466780.html
  75. http://www.asianage.com/columnists/kunduz-warning-shot-across-afghan-bows-465
  76. http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/opinion/07-Oct-2015/beyond-the-fall-of-kunduz
  77. http://www.khaama.com/ministry-of-defense-four-out-of-every-ten-militants-are-foreigners-in-afghanistan-3656
  78. http://www.silkroadreporters.com/2015/08/03/death-of-mullah-omar-unnerves-central-asia/
  79. http://emm.newsexplorer.eu/NewsExplorer/clusteredition/en/20150720,TheFrontierPost-en-c77c9f1eb2e3b3ff541220d957223ca4.html
  80. http://www.en.rahapress.af/forty-percent-of-insurgents-fighting-in-afghanistan-is-foreigners/
  81. http://www.tolonews.com/en/afghanistan/19280-influx-of-foreign-militants-blamed-for-uptick-in-violence
  82. Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen afghanistan24h.appspot.com.
  83. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/657141599969935360
  84. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/657905971986059264
  85. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/657906196939194368
  86. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/657906631288750080
  87. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/660868176054509569
  88. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/661520096867819520
  89. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/661520342977011713
  90. الصينيون الأويغور... "انغماسيّو أردوغان" الجدد In: أسرار, Mai 2015 
  91. Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen turkestan.
  92. https://archive.org/details/Tuba4Ilan1
  93. https://archive.org/details/Raziman
  94. https://archive.org/details/mensure
  95. Vorlage:Cite av media
  96. Caleb Weiss: Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria involved in new Idlib offensive In: Long War Journal, 23 April 2015 
  97. Caleb Weiss: Turkistan Islamic Party had significant role in recent Idlib offensive. In: Long War Journal. 30. April 2015;.
  98. https://news.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-News/tip-division-in-syria-releases-video-on-its-participation-in-jisr-al-shughour.html
  99. Conflict News on Twitter. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 29. Juni 2015.
  100. LiveLeak.com - Turkistan/Chechnya group releases combat footage of capture of Jsir Shurour. Abgerufen am 29. Juni 2015.
  101. http://ia802702.us.archive.org/27/items/JennetAxikliri14/jennet%20axikliri14.mp4
  102. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=c10_1438594302
  103. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/analysis/turkistan-islamic-party-in-syria-fighting-alongside-junud-al-sham-in-idlib
  104. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/news/category/all
  105. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/news/archives/12-2014
  106. Thomas Joscelyn: US counterterrorism efforts in Syria: A winning strategy? In: Long War Journal, September 29, 2015 
  107. Aaron Y. Zelin: Syria: The Epicenter of Future Jihad. In: The Washington Institute. 30. Juni 2014;.
  108. هارون ي. زيلين: سوريا، مركز الجهاد المستقبلي. In: معهد واشنطن.
  109. Turkestan Islamic Party. In: Foreign Fighters in Iraq and Syria. 14. April 2015;.
  110. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/news/turkestan-islamic-party-in-syria
  111. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/660222517051805696
  112. https://archive.org/details/ghiriblargha-jennet-bolsun4-kisim
  113. https://archive.org/details/qrba_tobaaa1
  114. مقتل المتزعم العسكري لما يسمى ’’الحزب الاسلامي التركستاني’’ في الاشتباكات مع الجيش السوري في محيط مشفى جسر الشغور In: Al-Ahed News Website, 17:32 26-05-2015 
  115. تفاصيل: الجيش السوري يقتل أحد أبرز قادة "القاعدة" العسكريين In: الحدث نيوز, 26 مايو, 2015 - 5:54 مساءً 
  116. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/news/turkestan-islamic-party-fighters-killed-in-syria
  117. https://twitter.com/lamloma3/status/603210273378279426
  118. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/news/turkistan-islamic-party-military-commander-killed-at-jisr-al-shughur
  119. More on Turkestan Islamic Party in Syria. In: The Line of Steel. Abgerufen am 29. Juni 2015.
  120. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/news/more-on-turkestan-islamic-party-in-syria
  121. Charles Lister: Al-Qa`ida Plays a Long Game in Syria. In: Combating Terrorism Center Sentinel. Combating Terrorism Center, 11. September 2015 (usma.edu [abgerufen am 18. September 2015]).
  122. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/analysis/katibat-al-tawhid-wal-jihad-involved-in-jisr-al-shughur-fight
  123. http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/09/uzbek-group-pledges-allegiance-to-al-nusrah-front.php
  124. Turkestan Islamic Party Fighters Killed In Syria. In: The Line of Steel. Abgerufen am 29. Juni 2015.
  125. Caleb Weiss: Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria conducted suicide bombings at Jisr al Shughur. In: Long War Journal. 20. Juli 2015;.
  126. Thomas Joscelyn: Jihadist front established to represent foreign fighters in Syria. In: Long War Journal. 20. Juli 2015;.
  127. Vorlage:Cite av media
  128. Jihadists vs. the Assad Regime: Syria's Rebel Advance In: VICE NEWS, May 27, 2015 
  129. Imgur: The most awesome images on the Internet. In: Imgur. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  130. Al-Nusra's Abu Maria al-Qahtani has released a statement on their future goals and international relations. : syriancivilwar. In: reddit. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  131. Caleb Weiss: Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria takes part in battle for the Al Ghab plain In: Long War Journal, 9 August 2015 
  132. https://news.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-News/tip-division-in-syria-claims-liberating-four-areas-in-idlib.html
  133. MENASTREAM. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  134. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  135. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  136. https://archive.org/details/ziyare
  137. https://archive.org/details/tl_ziyare
  138. http://1.sendvid.com/mzzvzvgb.mp4
  139. https://twitter.com/east_turkestan_/status/632881238831955968
  140. https://archive.org/details/zeyzun
  141. http://kureselanaliz.com/turkistan-islam-cemaatinden-yeni-video-kara-kur-un-fethi
  142. https://archive.org/details/th_qrqor
  143. Qarqur in Sahl al-Ghab captured by Uyghur organization Hizb al-Islami at-Turkistani
  144. http://www.type63.com/
  145. https://archive.org/details/th_mnsora
  146. https://archive.org/details/muhmbil
  147. https://archive.org/details/tl_hmka
  148. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/629895675396923392
  149. Thomas Joscelyn: Syrian regime airbase in Idlib falls to Al Nusrah Front, allies. In: Long War Journal. 9. September 2015;.
  150. https://news.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-News/tip-s-syria-division-releases-video-on-joint-operation-with-nusra-front-to-capture-abu-duhur-air-base.html
  151. https://news.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-News/tip-division-in-syria-claims-role-in-capturing-abu-duhur-air-base-provides-photos.html
  152. الحزب التركستاني لنصرة أهل الشام" يعود للواجهة في أبو الظهور In: العاصمة ديلي نيوز, 12. September 2015 
  153. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/09/13/turkistan-islam-cemaatinden-yeni-video-ebu-zuhurun-fethi/
  154. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/09/10/turkistan-islam-cemaatinden-ebu-zuhurun-fethi-hakkinda-beyanat/
  155. http://www.incanews.net/manset/16893/turkistanli-savascilar-suriyenin-olum-asiklari
  156. https://archive.org/details/ebu-zohur-fethisi
  157. https://archive.org/download/ebu-zohur-fethisi/ebu-zohur-fethisi.mp4
  158. https://archive.org/details/Fth_abuzhor
  159. http://ia601505.us.archive.org/30/items/ebu-zohur-fethisi/
  160. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "The Liberation of Abū al-Ẓuhūr Military Airport". In: JIHADOLOGY. 13. September 2015;.
  161. https://videos.files.wordpress.com/DeIn6p6V/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22the-liberation-of-abc5ab-al-e1ba93uhc5abr-military-airport22_dvd.mp4
  162. https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/ebu-zohur.png?w=810&h=456
  163. Caleb Weiss: Turkistan Islamic Party releases photos from captured Syrian regime airbase. In: Long War Journal. 10. September 2015;.
  164. Sam Prince: PHOTOS: Al Qaeda Affiliate Shows Off New Fighter Jets in Syria In: Heavy, 10 September 2015 
  165. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/10/25/1-%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%85-%db%8b%db%95-%d8%af%db%95%d9%85%db%95%d8%b4%d9%89%d9%82%d9%86%d9%89%da%ad-%d9%be%db%95%d8%b2%d9%89%d9%84%d9%89%d8%aa%d9%89/
  166. Виталий Наумкин: Russian role in Syria still anyone's guess In: Al-Monitor, September 25, 2015 
  167. a b Fehim Taştekin: Davutoglu proposes refugee 'container city' In: Al-Monitor, September 30, 2015 
  168. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  169. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/663794913230913536
  170. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  171. Vorlage:Cite av media
  172. Inside the Battle: Al Nusra-Al Qaeda in Syria In: VICE NEWS, November 11, 2015 
  173. Twitter / Account Suspended. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  174. The Daily Conflict. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  175. Turkistan Islamic Party shows fighters on frontlines in northwestern Syria. In: The Long War Journal. 17. Oktober 2015;.
  176. a b http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=530_1445176978
  177. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Scenes From the Recent Fighting in Sahl al-Ghāb #1". In: Jihadology. 17. Oktober 2015;.
  178. https://videos.files.wordpress.com/2JpQ2t5i/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22scenes-from-the-recent-fighting-in-sahl-al-ghc481b-122_dvd.mp4
  179. https://videopress.com/embed/2JpQ2t5i?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  180. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Scenes From the Recent Fighting in Sahl al-Ghāb #2". In: Jihadology. 24. Oktober 2015;.
  181. https://videos.files.wordpress.com/AqfcLgPy/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-e2809cscenes-from-the-recent-fighting-in-sahl-al-ghc481b-222_dvd.mp4
  182. https://videopress.com/embed/AqfcLgPy?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  183. https://archive.org/details/sahil-ghab-2
  184. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/10/24/turkistan-islam-partisinden-yeni-video-gab-ovasi-operasyonu-2/
  185. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Scenes From the Recent Fighting in Sahl al-Ghāb #3". In: Jihadology. 9. November 2015;.
  186. https://videos.files.wordpress.com/3YG4QWfI/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-e2809cscenes-from-the-recent-fighting-in-sahl-al-ghc481b-322_dvd.mp4
  187. https://videopress.com/embed/3YG4QWfI?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  188. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=2a3_1447681366
  189. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Scenes From the Recent Fighting in Sahl al-Ghāb #4". In: Jihadology. 14. November 2015;.
  190. https://videopress.com/embed/w9NRJ9Pc?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  191. https://archive.org/details/sahil-4
  192. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=01f_1447681849
  193. Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen The Fiscal Times.
  194. https://archive.org/details/sahil-ghab
  195. http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/5133.htm
  196. http://www.memritv.org/player/largePlayer.php?&width=571&height=463&skin=memri_red&autoplay=1&clip_image=http://www.memritv.org/pic_clip/clip_intro_571_432.jpg&clipid=5133
  197. http://www.shaamtimes.net/news-detailz.php?id=43297
  198. http://www.tayyar.org/News/Print/42931
  199. http://www.souriyati.com/2015/11/27/31257.html
  200. https://www.syriahr.com/2015/11/طائرات-روسية-تغير-على-جبل-الأكراد-وقصف/
  201. https://www.syriahr.com/2015/11/طائرات-حربية-تستهدف-جبلي-الأكراد-والت/
  202. http://www.alhayat.com/Edition/Print/12394411/الطيران-الروسي-يشن-غارات-مكثفة-قرب-تركيا
  203. http://www.center-lcrc.com/index.php?s=news&id=12594
  204. a b https://www.sauress.com/alhayat/12404083
  205. a b https://biladalchamnews.wordpress.com/2015/11/27/تقدم-للفصائل-في-ريف-حلب-الجنوبي-واشتبا/
  206. http://www.asso7ba.com/fr/news.php?id=83729
  207. http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/the-factions-of-north-latakia/
  208. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/670299913020948484
  209. http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/11/29/russian-strikes-kill-18-wound-dozens-according-to-syrian-opposition/
  210. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-11-29/cameron-steps-up-bid-to-win-political-support-for-syria-bombing
  211. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/11/29/world/middleeast/ap-ml-syria.html?_r=0
  212. http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/airstrikes-syria-18-killed-1.3342581
  213. http://www.businessinsider.com/ap-syrian-opposition-dozens-killed-wounded-in-russian-strikes-2015-11
  214. http://www.ocregister.com/articles/airstrikes-694158-russian-syria.html
  215. http://wkrn.com/2015/11/29/syrian-opposition-russian-strikes-kill-18-wound-dozens/
  216. http://www.theherald-news.com/2015/11/30/syrian-opposition-strikes-kill-18-wound-dozens/av9ihi/
  217. Abdallah Sleiman Ali: Murak’s fall hinders Syrian army’s campaign In: Al-Monitor (original article from السفير), November 11, 2015 
  218. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/661434233911713794
  219. https://twitter.com/HK2307/status/661482916933844992
  220. https://twitter.com/sayed_ridha/status/661491595498229760
  221. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/661455555836387328
  222. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/661454301752131584
  223. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/661433939484102656
  224. https://twitter.com/ArtWendeley/status/661438351191506944
  225. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/661437208507863041
  226. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/661456981765562368
  227. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/661433477691285504
  228. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/661433062945923072
  229. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/661435911415181312
  230. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/661438930194186240
  231. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/661454301752131584
  232. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/661458752894300161
  233. Caleb Weiss: Turkistan Islamic Party shows US-made machine gun, captured drone In: Long War Journal, November 7, 2015 
  234. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/664382450626334720
  235. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/662514961705512960
  236. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/664398511195201536
  237. http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/12/turkistan-islamic-party-claims-using-us-made-anti-tank-missile-in-northwest-syria.php
  238. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/679537844239626240
  239. https://twitter.com/LongWarJournal/status/679704928877735940
  240. https://twitter.com/billroggio/status/679718348066832384
  241. https://twitter.com/Abduhark/status/679309017127239680
  242. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/679201546794639360
  243. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/679199894654074880
  244. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/679200149541928961
  245. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/679196248637841408
  246. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/679195285097201664
  247. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/679194221161615361
  248. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/675214037467201536
  249. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/675213365535469569
  250. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/675191607033995264
  251. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/675191155680784384
  252. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/643421870625198081
  253. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/643422560604950529
  254. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/643424038581219328
  255. https://twitter.com/east_turkestan_/status/633218628880568321
  256. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/657553000890765312
  257. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/657556771263922177
  258. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/661120711545745408
  259. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/660472206988869632
  260. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662685763591630848
  261. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662691093969006592
  262. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662934465971429376
  263. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/684726665654710273
  264. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/662685406513664000
  265. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/662685728367706112
  266. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/662514458615545856
  267. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/662514744784461824
  268. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/662514961705512960
  269. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/662515931013320704
  270. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/662516156826304512
  271. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/658075281870233604
  272. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/662580461571612672
  273. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/662476237739327488
  274. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/662476519432978432
  275. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/662476851235987457
  276. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/662477146535927808
  277. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/662477302991863808
  278. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/662477507036356608
  279. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662477657720909824
  280. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662478328478212096
  281. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662478893975252992
  282. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662479213447028741
  283. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662480765750497282
  284. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662480998777663489
  285. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662664771733463040
  286. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/11/10/turkistan-islam-partisinden-yeni-video-gab-ovasi-operasyonu-3/
  287. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/664031284633710592
  288. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/663391249488027649
  289. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/663381326985347073
  290. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/664921357751308288
  291. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/664919506150649856
  292. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/666330753127612416
  293. Tom Brooks-Pollock: Syria civil war: Islamist rebels 'execute 56 government troops' following capture of air base In: The Independent, 19 September 2015 
  294. Insurgents killed 56 government troops at captured air base: Syria monitor In: REUTERS, 19 September 2015 
  295. Tom Brooks-Pollock: Syria civil war: Islamist rebels 'execute 56 government troops' following capture of air base In: Irish Independent, 19 September 2015 
  296. Nabih Bulos: Militants execute 56 Syrian regime soldiers at captured airbase In: The Telegraph, 19 September 2015 
  297. Deadly air raids against Isis as Russian Federation sends in jets In: DISPATCH TIMES, 19 September 2015 
  298. Syria carries out heavy air strikes against IS in Palmyra In: TV NEWSROOM, 19 September 2015 
  299. Alex Crown: Insurgents killed 56 govt troops at captured Syrian air base In: Forex Report Daily, 19 September 2015 
  300. Maxine Mendoza: Syrian Soldiers Killed In Massacre In: iSurfPaducah, 19 September 2015 
  301. Bill Roggio, Caleb Weiss: Over 100 jihadist training camps identified in Iraq and Syria. In: Long War Journal. 21. Juni 2015;.
  302. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt al-Islām presents Issue #13 of Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party] magazine: "Turkistān al-Islāmīyyah". In: JIHADOLOGY. 17. August 2013;.
  303. Turkistān al-Islāmīyyah Magazine. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  304. JOANNA PARASZCZUK: Report: Major Chechen, Uzbek, Uighur Factions Unite. In: From Chechnya To Syria Tracking Russian-speaking Foreign Fighters In Syria. 2. Mai 2014;.
  305. Abdallah Suleiman Ali: Al-Qaeda makes its presence known in Syria In: Al-Monitor (original from السفير), February 13, 2015 
  306. JOANNA PARASZCZUK: Muslim Shishani & His Military Emir Reappear In Jisr Al-Shugur. In: From Chechnya To Syria Tracking Russian-speaking Foreign Fighters In Syria. 23. April 2015;.
  307. محمد بلوط: تأهب ميداني لإعادة فتح معركة إدلب In: As-Safir, 02-06-2015, S. 1 
  308. هكذا فاجئ جعجع عون.. لبنان: مسودة بيان حول عرسال وقرار سوري بالتواجد الإيراني العسكري؟! In: الوسط اللبنانية, 02-06-2015 
  309. بعد تداخل جبهتي العراق وسوريا ..تأهب ميداني لإعادة فتح معركة إدلب In: نبض سوريا, 03 حزيران/يونيو 2015 
  310. Metin Gurcan: How the Islamic State is exploiting Asian unrest to recruit fighters In: Al-Monitor, 9 September 2015 
  311. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party] in Bilād al-Shām: "Conquest of Jisr al-Shaghūr". In: JIHADOLOGY. 1. Mai 2015;.
  312. https://videos.files.wordpress.com/kxR5mPIz/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22conquest-of-jisr-al-shaghc5abr22_dvd.mp4
  313. https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/jisir-shughur.png?w=810&h=456
  314. https://archive.org/details/Th_jssqor
  315. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dRqoHGIg2s
  316. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=6a5_1450317510
  317. https://urs1798.wordpress.com/2015/05/11/eingesammeltes-syrien-idlib-jisr-ash-shughur-daraa-syria/comment-page-1/ https://urs1798.wordpress.com/2015/05/11/eingesammeltes-syrien-idlib-jisr-ash-shughur-daraa-syria/ https://urs1798.wordpress.com/page/5/?app-download=windowsphone https://urs1798.wordpress.com/page/9/
  318. http://moderntokyotimes.com/?p=3071 http://moderntokyotimes.com/?tag=uyghur-led-turkistan-islamic-party-tip-and-uzbek-led-imam-bukhari-jamaat-ibj-and-katibat-tawhid-wal-jihad
  319. Thomas Joscelyn: Al Nusrah Front, allies strike 2 Shiite towns in Idlib province In: Long War Journal, September 18, 2015 
  320. Joanna Paraszczuk, Barno Anvar: The Last Moments Of A Suicide Bomber In Syria In: RFERL, September 21, 2015 
  321. Bajinder Pal Singh: Why we need to worry about the Grey Wolves of Turkey In: daily O, 29 August 2015 
  322. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/620875898389180416
  323. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/620862985867796480
  324. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/620054470504878080
  325. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/620203625290301440
  326. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/620868951980027904
  327. Türkistan İslam Cemaati Mücahidesi Bacı’dan ” Ümmetin Erkeklerine Serzeniş” | Doğu Türkistan Haberleri. doguturkistanbulteni.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  328. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/649997154359099393
  329. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/650252435613700096
  330. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/649996907302010881
  331. http://atimes.com/2015/07/uyghurs-being-sold-as-cannon-fodder-for-extremist-groups-china/
  332. http://tonyblairfaithfoundation.org/religion-geopolitics/reports-analysis/briefing-note/al-risalah-letter-al-qaeda-isis
  333. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/658964458455343104
  334. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/661102142497939457
  335. Al Risale : "Türkistan Dağları " 1. Bölüm. doguturkistanbulteni.com, 26. Oktober 2015;.
  336. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/10/29/al-risale-turkistan-daglari-2-bolum/
  337. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/11/01/al-risale-turkistan-daglari-3-bolum/
  338. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/660876542956969984
  339. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/11/02/al-risale-turkistan-daglari-4-bolum-son/
  340. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/661289636065640448
  341. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/10/29/nusra-lideri-ebu-firas-ile-roportaj/
  342. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/659693204414054400
  343. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/08/10/seyh-abdullah-el-muheysini-turkistan-islam-cemaatinin-kahraman-mucahitleri-hakkindaki-sahitligim/
  344. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/630782185352622080
  345. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662415906581123072
  346. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/647283746320850944
  347. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/647323401577697280
  348. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/647323552400691200
  349. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/647416817783341056
  350. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/646723724687900676
  351. a b https://archive.org/details/qrba_tobaa3
  352. Aaron Y. Zelin: New statement from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Greetings on the Occasion of a Blessed ‘Īd al ‘Aḍḥā". In: JIHADOLOGY. 23. September 2015;.
  353. https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22greetings-on-the-occasion-of-a-blessed-e28098c4abd-al-ae1b88de1b8a5c48122.pdf
  354. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CPnD26-WgAEr1mA.jpg
  355. http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/09/uighur-jihadist-group-in-syria-advertises-little-jihadists.php
  356. http://www.derechos.org/peace/syria/doc/syr5502.html
  357. https://twitter.com/weissenberg7/status/655511450484670465
  358. https://twitter.com/weissenberg7/status/668949828852948992
  359. https://twitter.com/weissenberg7/status/655510557123039232
  360. https://twitter.com/weissenberg7/status/655513598844911616
  361. http://www.syriadeeply.org/articles/2015/12/9091/poverty-pushing-war-widows-foreign-fighters/
  362. http://www.europe1.fr/faits-divers/parti-faire-le-djihad-un-jeune-normand-tue-2641987
  363. http://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/caen-14000/terrorisme-un-jeune-homme-ddherouville-saint-clair-tue-en-syrie-3946178
  364. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/681589146486464512
  365. http://tonyblairfaithfoundation.org/sites/default/files/If%20the%20Castle%20Falls.pdf
  366. http://tonyblairfaithfoundation.org/religion-geopolitics/reports-analysis/report/if-castle-falls
  367. http://jihadology.net/2015/12/31/new-statement-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-condolences-on-the-martyrdom-of-shaykh-rashid-al-bulaydi/
  368. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/684493004061552640
  369. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/682801535135412224
  370. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/682833638837383168
  371. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CXlO7CBWwAAc060.png
  372. http://www.lrb.co.uk/v38/n01/seymour-m-hersh/military-to-military
  373. Arabinda Acharya, Rohan Gunaratna, Wang Pengxin: Ethnic Identity and National Conflict in China. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010, ISBN 978-0-230-10787-8, S. 73– (google.com).
  374. Terrorism and Political Violence in 2013. In: Counter Terrorist Trends and Analysis. 6. Jahrgang, Nr. 1. INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR POLITICAL VIOLE NCE AND TERRORISM RESEARCH S. RAJARATNAM SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL ST UDIES NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSIT Y, S. 4 (reliefweb.int [PDF; abgerufen am 14. Juni 2015]).
  375. a b Bill Roggio: Turkistan Islamic Party trains women for jihad In: Long War Journal, 21 July 2013 
  376. a b Internet video shows 'Burka Brigade women in Taliban terror training'. In: Mail Online. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  377. a b Taliban recruits for the burkha brigade... but don't worry, it doesn't look like they can hit much - Daily Mail Online. In: Mail Online. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  378. a b Introducing Taliban's Burka Brigade. In: Military.com. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  379. Caleb Weiss: Saudi al Qaeda cleric showcases training camp for children in Syria In: Long War Journal, September 4, 2015 
  380. TIP Division in Syria Releases Photos of Fighters, Camp for Children | Jihadist News. news.siteintelgroup.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  381. TIP Division in Syria Releases Video Photo Album Featuring Young Boys in Training Camp | Jihadist News. news.siteintelgroup.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  382. http://thelineofsteel.weebly.com/news/turkistan-islamic-party-in-new-video-from-syria
  383. a b Bill Roggio, Caleb Weiss: Uighur jihadist group in Syria advertises ‘little jihadists’ In: Long War Journal, 24 September 2015 
  384. Bill Roggio: Turkistan Islamic Party releases video of children in training In: Long War Journal, April 24, 2013 
  385. http://neildoyle.com/new-turkistan-video/
  386. Aaron Y. Zelin: Protected: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Message to the Mujāhidīn of the Caucasus". In: JIHADOLOGY. 19. März 2012;.
  387. Aaron Y. Zelin: Protected: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Advice to Our Muslim Brothers in Turkey". In: JIHADOLOGY. 21. Oktober 2012;.
  388. 60EmbNxP/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-22advice-to-our-muslim-brothers-in-turkey22_std. videos.videopress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  389. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Lovers of Paradise #15". In: JIHADOLOGY. 12. März 2014;.
  390. https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-e2809clovers-of-paradise-1422.mp4
  391. http://jihadology.net/2015/12/05/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-lovers-of-paradise-16/
  392. https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-e2809clovers-of-paradise-1022.mp4
  393. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - طوبى للغرباء 1 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  394. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - طوبى للغرباء 1 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  395. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - طوبى للغرباء 2 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  396. a b الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - طوبى للغرباء2 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  397. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - طوبى للغرباء 2 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  398. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصر اهل الشام - طوبى للغرباء 4 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  399. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - طوبى للغرباء 1 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  400. Aaron Y. Zelin: Protected: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party] in Bilād al-Shām: "Blessings For the Ghurabā’ #1". In: JIHADOLOGY. 7. Juni 2014;.
  401. http://videos.videopress.com/ZXMiz5j4/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22repentance-for-the-ghurabc481-122_dvd.mp4
  402. Image: ilannnn.png, (960 × 540 px). azelin.files.wordpress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  403. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - صور من أرض الملاحم 3 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  404. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - صور من أرض الملاحم 4 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  405. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - صور من أرض الملاحم 5 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  406. Nadir Suret 5 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  407. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - صور من أرض الملاحم 6 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  408. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - صور من أرض الملاحم 7 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  409. nadir-suret-7-kisim : nadir-suret-7-kisim : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  410. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - صور من أرض الملاحم 8 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  411. الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني لنصرة اهل الشام - صور من أرض الملاحم 8 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  412. streaming NadirSuret9. archive.org, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  413. Türkistan İslam Cemaati’nden Yeni Video :”Nadir Suretler 9” | Doğu Türkistan Haberleri. doguturkistanbulteni.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  414. Türkistan İslam Cemaati’nden Yeni Video ”Nadir Suretler 9” | Doğu Türkistan Haberleri. doguturkistanbulteni.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  415. Türkistan İslam Cemaati: Nadir Suretler Albümü – 8. islahhaber.net, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  416. Türkistan İslam Cemaati’nden Yeni Video: Nadir Suretler Albümü – 6 | Türkistan İslam Bülteni Haber Ajansı. turkistanbulteni.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  417. Türkistan İslam Cemaati’nden Yeni Video: Nadir Suretler Albümü – 7 | Türkistan İslam Bülteni Haber Ajansı. turkistanbulteni.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  418. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Wake Up Oh Muslim Nation". In: JIHADOLOGY. 2. Oktober 2015;.
  419. https://videopress.com/embed/tx6vEkgX?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  420. tx6vEkgX/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22wake-up-oh-muslim-nation22_dvd. videos.files.wordpress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  421. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "Return to Your Religion". In: JIHADOLOGY. 1. Oktober 2015;.
  422. https://videopress.com/embed/FLhuya1g?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  423. FLhuya1g/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22return-to-your-religion22_dvd. videos.files.wordpress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  424. Aaron Y. Zelin: New statement from the Global Islamic Media Front: "Glad Tidings: The Global Islamic Media Front is the Official Distribution Outlet For the Turkistān Islamic Party". In: JIHADOLOGY. 29. September 2015;.
  425. Image: gimftip.jpg, (588 × 267 px). azelin.files.wordpress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  426. Aaron Y. Zelin: New video nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī in Bilād al-Shām: "The Sacrificer of Self for God". In: JIHADOLOGY. 22. Oktober 2015;.
  427. https://videopress.com/embed/tdxcqUah?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  428. https://videos.files.wordpress.com/tdxcqUah/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-in-bilc481d-al-shc481m-22the-sacrificer-of-self-for-god22_dvd.mp4
  429. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/657541927038906368
  430. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/10/22/turkistan-islam-cemaatinden-uygurca-nesit-fedai/
  431. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt Al-Islām presents a new Nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "If I Was Killed". In: JIHADOLOGY. 3. April 2013;.
  432. https://videopress.com/embed/ChnKZSDm?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  433. ChnKZSDm/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-22if-i-was-killed22_std. videos.files.wordpress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  434. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video Nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Told From Me, Oh My Father". In: JIHADOLOGY. 7. Mai 2013;.
  435. https://videopress.com/embed/4asjDufG?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  436. 4asjDufG/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-22told-from-me-oh-my-father22_std. videos.files.wordpress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  437. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new Nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Your Giving to the Lord". In: JIHADOLOGY. 27. April 2012;.
  438. 99bipyE3/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-22your-giving-to-the-lord22_std. videos.videopress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  439. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video Nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "You Should Realize, Oh His Mother, Verily Your Son Is In the Way of God". In: JIHADOLOGY. 15. Juli 2013;.
  440. tqYVFBzr/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-22you-should-realize-oh-his-mother-verily-your-son-is-in-the-way-of-god22_std. videos.videopress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  441. Aaron Y. Zelin: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video nashīd from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Lions of Turkistān". In: JIHADOLOGY. 27. Februar 2012;.
  442. yfEURKh8/e1b8a5izb-al-islc481mc4ab-al-turkistc481nc4ab-turkistan-islamic-party-22lions-of-turkistc481n22_std. videos.videopress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  443. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=7c9_1374413188
  444. http://jihadology.net/2015/11/24/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-the-path-of-jihad/
  445. https://videopress.com/embed/QR05U7Tw?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  446. Thomas Joscelyn: The Uighurs, in their own words. In: The Long War Journal. 21. April 2009;.
  447. https://cess.memberclicks.net/assets/cesr2/CESR3/article%203%20v3n1.pdf p. 18
  448. http://jihadology.net/2015/12/01/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-dr-abd-allah-bin-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-al-mu%e1%b8%a5aysini-a-message-to-turkistanis/
  449. https://videopress.com/embed/SwWruG7N?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  450. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/12/04/seyh-abdullah-el-muheysiniden-dogu-turkistanli-muslumanlara-risale/
  451. http://jihadology.net/2015/12/19/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-dr-abd-allah-bin-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-al-mu%e1%b8%a5aysini-the-importance-of-martyrdom-operations-in-our-c/
  452. https://videopress.com/embed/htUKy8gL?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  453. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/678579533767815169
  454. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/678516617546997760
  455. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/678510478734266368
  456. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/678509199337398272
  457. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/678508284672909312
  458. http://jihadology.net/2015/12/26/new-video-nashid-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-the-martyrs/
  459. https://videopress.com/embed/hppoj4i6?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  460. https://archive.org/details/shehedler1
  461. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/684450608116445185
  462. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681212006272221185
  463. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJxddHwXg4s
  464. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681168991243612160
  465. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681030063551311872
  466. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681028681381326848
  467. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681028567296282624
  468. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681028434278125568
  469. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681028304284041216
  470. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681028181516750848
  471. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681028059936501760
  472. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681027718222340097
  473. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681021695906426880
  474. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/681019070351826944
  475. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/680921547339624448
  476. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com.tr/2015/12/martyrs.html
  477. http://jihadology.net/2016/01/04/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-dr-abd-allah-bin-mu%e1%b8%a5ammad-al-mu%e1%b8%a5aysini-virtues-of-the-turkistani-mujahidin-in-al-sham/
  478. https://videopress.com/embed/Sngqc2MO?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  479. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/684565858111229952
  480. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/684296601389678592
  481. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/684298902561001472
  482. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/684300127180296192
  483. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/684301328257052673
  484. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/684338152220262400
  485. https://archive.org/download/MuhaysiniVirtuesTurkestaniMujahideenUY/Muhaysini_Virtues_Turkestani_MujahideenUY.mp4
  486. http://jihadology.net/2016/01/06/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-and-victory-is-not-except-from-god/
  487. https://videopress.com/embed/zVrsZqca?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  488. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/685089167190011904
  489. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/684302243504492544
  490. https://twitter.com/Weissenberg7/status/684726665654710273
  491. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685027334144028672
  492. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685029544424767488
  493. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com.tr/2016/01/1-1.html
  494. https://telegram.me/tg://resolve?domain=sowtil
  495. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685032060344504320
  496. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685037771350761472
  497. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685577277355257856
  498. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685577848069996544
  499. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685578354045616128
  500. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685578548757794818
  501. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/685581319267577856
  502. http://jihadology.net/2016/01/14/new-video-nashid-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-seeking-martyrdom/
  503. https://videopress.com/embed/qdcuciqA?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  504. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/688012272875225094
  505. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687935120079204352
  506. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687946270112112640
  507. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687960754977423361
  508. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687966703398039552
  509. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687968463067987968
  510. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com.tr/2016/01/blog-post.html
  511. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/686856956624023552
  512. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/686858375431368704
  513. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687201670246313984
  514. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687200678314405888
  515. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/687199483722100736
  516. http://jihadology.net/2016/01/16/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-a-call-from-the-front-lines-of-jihad-1/
  517. https://videopress.com/embed/aoJ2gaMz?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  518. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/688740425163616256
  519. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/686993479327690752
  520. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/688350845226848256
  521. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com.tr/2016/01/1.html
  522. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/688750822369439745
  523. http://jihadology.net/2016/01/16/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-a-call-from-the-front-lines-of-jihad-2/
  524. https://videopress.com/embed/f3DA2kps?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  525. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/688740982221737985
  526. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/688489407100379136
  527. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com.tr/2016/01/2.html
  528. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/688752951083544576
  529. http://jihadology.net/2016/01/20/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-a-call-from-the-front-lines-of-jihad-3/
  530. https://videopress.com/embed/HuboTfvH?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  531. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/690227174406623232
  532. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/690113193184731139
  533. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/690108825895047170
  534. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com.tr/2016/01/3-3.html
  535. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/690107797397200898
  536. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rD1qXsbu37c
  537. http://jihadology.net/2016/01/21/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5izb-al-islami-al-turkistani-in-bilad-al-sham-a-call-from-the-front-lines-of-jihad-4
  538. https://videopress.com/embed/js9OgDFF?hd=0&autoPlay=0&permalink=0&loop=0
  539. https://twitter.com/Jihadology_Net/status/690642779974729728
  540. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/690644000341098501
  541. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/690802656131051520
  542. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com.tr/2016/01/4-4.html
  543. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/686991433283284993
  544. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/686990158764359680
  545. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/686989945798561798
  546. https://twitter.com/turkstanIslamia/status/686989367265636353
  547. Caleb Weiss: Saudi al Qaeda cleric showcases training camp for children in Syria In: Long War Journal, 4 September 2015 
  548. https://news.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-News/tip-division-in-syria-releases-photos-of-fighters-camp-for-children.html
  549. https://news.siteintelgroup.com/Jihadist-News/tip-division-in-syria-releases-video-photo-album-featuring-young-boys-in-training-camp.html
  550. Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria Shows "Little Mujahideen" in New Video. In: The Line of Steel. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  551. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  552. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  553. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662936816895533056
  554. http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2015/09/25/al-qaeda-linked-uighur-terror-group-advertises-little-jihadists/
  555. https://archive.org/details/NadirSuret9
  556. https://twitter.com/Terror_Monitor/status/647275032608051200?ref_src=twsrc^tfw
  557. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/646752142590636032
  558. https://twitter.com/iAssil/status/647431477081317376?ref_src=twsrc^tfw
  559. Joanna Paraszczuk. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  560. Terrormonitor.org. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  561. https://twitter.com/sayed_ridha/status/647352571477135364
  562. https://twitter.com/Charles_Lister/status/647065875917500416
  563. Joanna Paraszczuk. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  564. Caleb Weiss. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  565. Terrormonitor.org. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  566. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/660866671087894528
  567. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662948967404163072
  568. Bill Roggio: Turkistan Islamic Party releases video of children in training In: Long War Journal, 24 April 2013 
  569. http://neildoyle.com/video-shows-kids-trained-for-jihad/
  570. http://neildoyle.com/child-fighters-training-camp/
  571. http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/al-qaeda-school-turning-boys-into-killers-1442508
  572. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2234840/The-year-old-terrorists-Youngsters-trained-kill-pistols-assault-rifles-shocking-pictures-al-Qaedas-heartland.html
  573. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2013124/Taliban-terror-tots-Children-young-5-training-al-Qaeda-martyrs.html
  574. http://www.weaselzippers.us/130060-video-shows-kids-as-young-as-five-being-trained-by-al-qaeda-in-north-waziristan/
  575. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/662951023087099904
  576. https://archive.org/details/soaar_3
  577. https://archive.org/details/soaar_7
  578. Terrormonitor.org on Twitter. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  579. Asian Defence News. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  580. CARLOS DA JACKAL. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  581. AjinLa Kurdistan. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  582. Terrormonitor.org. In: Twitter. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  583. قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق + صور. 3. September 2015, abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  584. من قرية الزنبقي السورية، هنا الصين.. 3500 مستوطن! In: Syria alhadath- سورية الحدث. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  585. قناة الميادين: الميادين - الأخبار - قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق. In: قناة الميادين. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  586. Vorlage:Cite av media
  587. Syria Now. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  588. الميادين: قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  589. Syria News - أخبار سورية - قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  590. Me Panorama: قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق. In: بانوراما الشرق الاوسط. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  591. الإعلام الحربي - فريق الإعلام الحربي - الحشد الشعبي: الإعلام الحربي - قرية الزنبقي صينية أم سورية! - تتحدث تقارير غربية وسورية عن نقل لعائلات من يسمون الجهاديين الذي يشمل أعداداً كبيرة من الايغور والتركستان. وتلفت التقارير إلى نقل 3500 منهم إلى قرية الزنبقي بريف جسر الشغور بعد طرد سكانها منها مع عائلاتهم، وتتحدث أنباء عن أن استيطان هذه العائلات يجري بإشراف الإستخبارات التركية وبرعاية النصرة و"داعش". أبو رضا أمير الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني قتل ولم يُر، راية التركستاني ترفع في ساحة المدينة بعد ان لعب دوراً أساسياً في غزوها. المدينة السورية صارت بعد الغزو أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق، وبعد توطين مئات العائلات التركستانية الصينية في ريفها خصوصاً في قرية الزنبقي. من قرية الزنبقي السورية لن تظهر سوى الغابات التي تحيط بها وبرج المراقبة الحدودي التركي يشهد من التلال تحول القرية السورية إلى مستوطنة لمئات العائلات التركستانية الأويغور الهاربة من الصين، كما تقول مصادر المعارضة للميادين . توطين التركستان الصينيين وتهجير السوريين من قراهم لا يقتصر على النصرة والمخابرات التركية، "داعش" أيضاً قبل عامين قام بنقل الآلاف منهم مع عائلاتهم من تركيا إلى قرى تل أبيض في الرقة ومحيط حقول النفط في دير الزور وجنّد منهم ألف مقاتل. عبدالله التركستاني يهم بقتل جاسوسين روسيين. الإرهابي الصغير ليس وحده من تعلّم القتل فمع عبدالله العشرات من أطفال تركستان الصينية في مدارس أبو بكر البغدادي السورية. أبناء المستوطنين الجهاديين التركستان بالمئات في معسكرات التدريب على القتال. عشرون ألف تركستاني في اسطنبول تؤطرهم المخابرات التركية برعاية جبهة النصرة، لإستخدامهم في سوريا بعد أفغانستان . جسر الشغور التي يقاتل فيها التركستان الجيش السوري دفاعاً عن مستوطنة لعائلاتهم أيضاً، ويعد فيها الحزب الإسلامي التركستاني جيشاً يقاتل في سوريا أولاً، ويعود إلى تركستان الصينية يوماً ما إذا ما نجا من المحرقة التي تديرها تركيا. - تاريخ الإرسال بتوقيت النجف الاشرف:2015-9-3 12:37:34. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  592. قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق. In: جريدة الأوسط من كندا. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  593. بالفيديو : قرية الزنبقي يتحول الى مستوطنة للأيغور والتركمان. In: ▂ ▃ ▅ خبر24 نت ▆ ▅ ▃. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  594. بالفيديو...قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق. In: شبكة المحور الإخبارية. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  595. قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  596. قناة الإعلام الوطني - قرية الزنبقي السورية أقرب إلى الصين منها الى دمشق ! !! Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  597. ستبدو السماء السوريّة (كفروة) خاروف العيد .. السلوك الأمريكي إزاء دمشق كسلوك الرايخ الثالث .. بقلم: المحامي محمد احمد الروسان. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  598. https://twitter.com/MEMRIReports/status/649266299005214720
  599. http://www.memri.org/clip/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/5089.htm
  600. http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/5089.htm
  601. http://www.memrijttm.org/uyghur-families-colonize-syrian-village.html
  602. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjYYw4cnVEQ
  603. http://therightscoop.com/exposed-the-real-cause-of-the-sudden-syrian-migrant-crisis-into-europe/
  604. http://shoebat.com/2015/10/01/turkey-is-sending-hundreds-of-thousands-of-muslim-terrorists-into-europe-in-an-islamic-invasion-while-russia-is-in-syria-fighting-the-islamic-terrorists-and-defending-christians/
  605. a b http://3arabionline.com/?page=article&id=20680
  606. http://3arabionline.com/?page=allarticle&id=120
  607. http://kureselanaliz.com/suriyede-en-onde-savasanlar-turkistan-islam-cemaati-mucahidleri-foto-galeri
  608. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/658405002499723264
  609. Holly Fletcher, Jayshree Bajoria: The East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM). In: Backgrounder. Council on Foreign Relations, 31. Juli 2008, abgerufen am 31. Juli 2010.
  610. a b John Pike: Eastern Turkestan Islamic Movement / Eastern Turkistan Islamic Party (ETIP). GlobalSecurity.org;
  611. Ariane de Vogue, Dennis Powell, Jason Ryan: Guantanamo Uyghur Detainees: Coming to America?, ABC News, 24 April 2009. Abgerufen im 31 July 2010 
  612. Bermuda takes Guantanamo Uyghurs, BBC News, 11 June 2009. Abgerufen im 31 July 2010 
  613. a b c Massoud Ansari: The New Face of Jihad, Newsline, 3 August 2007. Abgerufen im 31 July 2007  (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im September 2010.)
  614. a b Edward Wong: Chinese Separatists Tied to Norway Bomb Plot, The New York Times, 9 July 2010. Abgerufen im 1 August 2010 
  615. Raffaello Pantucci: Uyghurs Convicted in East Turkestan Islamic Movement Plot in Dubai. In: Terrorism Monitor. Jamestown Foundation, 22. Juni 2010, abgerufen am 31. Juli 2010.
  616. Islamist group claims responsibility for attack on China's Tiananmen Square. Abgerufen am 9. August 2014.
  617. Aaron Y. Zelin: Protected: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "On the Occasion of the Military Operation in the Forbidden City". In: JIHADOLOGY. 4. Januar 2014;.
  618. Islamist group 'claims responsibility for Urumqi railway station bombing' In: South China Morning Post, 15 May 2014 
  619. Aaron Y. Zelin: Protected: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī [Turkistan Islamic Party]: "Adoption of the Train Bombings in China". In: JIHADOLOGY. 7. Juni 2014;.
  620. China Perspectives. C.E.F.C., 2003, S. 42 (google.com).
  621. http://neildoyle.com/militants-claim-china-attacks/
  622. https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/hizbul-islam-turkestani-the-harvest-of-the-military-operation-of-the-east-turkestan-islamic-party-for-the-year-2009.pdf
  623. http://al-darb.blogspot.co.uk/2010/02/harvest-of-military-operation-of-east.html
  624. http://www.dawn.com/news/657452/turkistan-islamic-party-claims-western-china-attacks
  625. Mahesh Ranjan Debata: China's Minorities: Ethnic-religious Separatism in Xinjiang. Pentagon Press, 2007, ISBN 978-81-8274-325-0, S. 170– (google.com).
  626. China Perspectives. C.E.F.C., 2003, S. 43 (google.com).
  627. Referenzfehler: Ungültiges <ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen Winterbottom.
  628. China: ETIM's Direct Threat to the Olympics, Stratfor, 25 July 2008. Abgerufen im 31 July 2010  (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im Juli 2015.)
  629. Reed, J. Todd, Diana Raschke: The ETIM: China's Islamic Militants and the Global Terrorist Threat. ABC-CLIO, 2010, S. 14–16, 46–47.
  630. https://sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/08/13/q-and-a-nick-holdstock-on-xinjiang-and-chinas-forgotten-people
  631. تركستان الإسلامية ، العدد الرابع عشر ، ربيع الأول 1435 صفحة 23
  632. https://siddiqlar1.wordpress.com/2014/03/03/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a6%d9%89%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%89-%d8%aa%db%88%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%89%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%86-2/
  633. http://siddiqlarbiz.blogspot.com/2014/02/blog-post_65.html
  634. تركستان الإسلامية ، العدد الرابع عشر ، ربيع الأول 1435 صفحة 3 هزيمة الأمريكان في أفغانستان أرّقت حكام الصين
  635. https://web.archive.org/web/20140701212027/http://jihadology.net/2014/03/29/%E1%B9%A3awt-al-islam-presents-issue-14-of-%E1%B8%A5izb-al-islami-al-turkistanis-turkistan-islamic-party-magazine-turkistan-al-islamiyyah/
  636. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/10/02/turkistan-islam-cemaatinden-turkiyeli-muslumanlara-nasihat/
  637. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/649991935130750976
  638. https://twitter.com/i_awazi/status/649996510432768000
  639. http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2015/10/23/turkistan-islam-cemaati-nden-mucahitleri-elestirenlere-nasihat/
  640. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/657578738226495488
  641. https://twitter.com/Dogu_Turkistan_/status/664441733808300033
  642. Radical Cleric In Uighur Militant Group Video Threatens Chinese And Buddhists: 'Killing You... Slaughtering You... And Cutting Off Your Heads Is All Good'. Abgerufen am 23. September 2015.
  643. http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/4162.htm https://themuslimissue.wordpress.com/2014/03/04/uighur-muslim-jihadi-we-are-coming-o-buddhists-killing-you-slaughtering-you-and-cutting-off-your-heads/ http://lt.cjdby.net/thread-1796257-1-1.html
  644. Al-Qaeda Cleric Praises Tsarnaev Brothers As Models For Muslim Children. 7. September 2013;. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  645. Al-Qaeda Cleric Praises Tsarnaev Brothers As Models For Muslim Children | Opinion - Conservative. beforeitsnews.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  646. تركستان الإسلامية ، العدد الثالث عشر ، شعبان ١٤٣٤ صفحة ٥٥ هذا جوهر واحد يا كفار... بقلم: الشيخ أبو ذر عزام. azelin.files.wordpress.com, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  647. Bill Roggio: Jihadists seek to open new front in Burma In: Long War Journal, July 15, 2013 
  648. Aaron Y. Zelin: Protected: Ṣawt al-Islām presents a new video message from Ḥizb al-Islāmī al-Turkistānī’s [Turkistan Islamic Party’s] Abū Dhar ‘Azzām: "We Have To Empower Islam In the Depths Of Our Hearts". In: JIHADOLOGY. 7. März 2014;.
  649. a b Image: j9t4x.jpg, (960 × 540 px). azelin.files.wordpress.com, 16. Mai 2013, abgerufen am 21. Oktober 2015.
  650. http://videos.videopress.com/weYW9QrY/abc5ab-dhar-e28098azzc481m-22we-have-to-empower-islam-in-the-depths-of-our-hearts22_std.mp4
  651. BBC NEWS - Europe - Russia names 'terrorist' groups In: bbc.co.uk 
  652. United Nations Web Services Section: The Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee. Un.org, abgerufen am 3. November 2013. (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im Juli 2015.)
  653. Edward Cody: China Demands That Albania Return Ex-U.S. Detainees, Washington Post, 10 May 2006. Abgerufen im 31 July 2010 
  654. Does not include Hong Kong SAR or Macau
  655. Emmanuel Karagiannis: Political Islam in Central Asia: The Challenge of Hizb Ut-Tahrir. Routledge, 2009, ISBN 978-1-135-23942-8, S. 67– (google.com).
  656. Emmanuel Karagiannis: Political Islam in Central Asia: The challenge of Hizb ut-Tahrir. Routledge, 2009, ISBN 978-1-135-23941-1, S. 112– (google.com).
  657. مجلس الوزراء يعتمد قائمة التنظيمات الإرهابية. In: Emirates News Agency (WAM) وكالة أنباء الإمارات, 15 November 2014. Abgerufen im 16 November 2014 
  658. UAE cabinet endorses new list of terrorist groups In: Kuwait News Agency (KUNA) وكالة الأنباء الكويتية, 15 November 2014. Abgerufen im 16 November 2014 
  659. UAE blacklists 5 Pakistani groups among 83 as 'militant organisations In: The Express Tribune, 15 November 2014. Abgerufen im 16 November 2014 
  660. http://www.dawn.com/news/1051477/three-groups-active-in-xinjiang-banned
  661. Beijing wants Chinese Gitmo detainees, China Daily, 14 December 2008. Abgerufen im 7 August 2010