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Benutzer:DasHandy/Liste der Haustypen

Ein Holzhaus in Tartu, Estland

Dies ist eine Liste der Haustypen. Häuser können in den unterschiedlichsten Formen errichtet werden. Eine grundsätzliche Unterteilung besteht zwischen freistehenden- oder Einfamilienhäusern und Reihen- bzw. Mehrfamilienhäusern. Beide können in der Größenordnung und der Anzahl der vorhandenen Anbauten stark variieren.

Traditionelle Gebäudeformen Bearbeiten

Hier dargestellte eingeschossige Hausgrundrisse sind einen Raum tief, können jedoch mehr als einen Raum breit sein.[1]

 
 Single-Pen, Einraum-, oder Hallenhaus: Ein-Raum Haus[2]
  • Wealden-Hall-Haus: eine Art volkstümliches mittelalterliches Holzfachwerk-Yeoman-Hallenhaus, traditionell im Südosten Englands
 
 Double-Pen oder Doppelraumhaus: Zwei-Raum Haus[3]
  • Saddlebag-House: Ein Zwei-Raum Haus mit einem zentralen Schornstein sowie ein bzw. zwei Haustüren, traditionell im Südwesten der Vereinigten Staaten[4]
 
 Hall and Parlor House: ein Zwei-Raum-Haus, ein Raum (die Halle) größer als der andere (der Salon)[5]
 
 Central-Passage oder Central hallway/corridor: ein Drei-Raum-Haus, mit einem zentralen Flur oder Durchgang zwischen den beiden auf je einer Haushälfte liegenden Räume.[6]
  • Dogtrot-House: geteiltes Haus mit einem offenen, überdachten Durchgang zwischen den beiden Abschnitten [7]

Doppelhaus-Grundrisse sind zwei Raum tief und teilweise auch mehr als einen Raum breit. [8]

 
 Shotgun-House: Eine traditionelle Hausform, ein Raum breit und zwei Räume tief, ohne Flur.[9]
 
 Side-hall oder side-passage: Eine Hausform mit einem an einer Hausseite verlaufendem Flur. [10]

Hütte Bearbeiten

Eine Hütte ist eine vergleichsweise schlichte Wohnstätte, in der Regel bestehend aus einem Raum und einem Stockwerk. Das Design sowie die verwendeten Materialien von Hütten variieren stark und sind weltweit vielfältig.

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    Rundhaus: Ein Haus mit einem kreisförmigen Grundriss
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    Broch: Schottisches Rundhaus
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    Trullo: Ein traditionelles apulisches Steinhaus mit einem Kegeldach
  •  
    Iglu

Bungalow Bearbeiten

Bungalow ist ein verbreiteter Begriff, der ein niedriges, eingeschossiges Haus mit einem flach geneigten Dach beschreibt (in einigen Regionen werden Varianten mit Dachgauben als 1,5-stöckig bezeichnet, wie beispielsweise der Chalet-Bungalow im Vereinigten Königreich).[11]

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    Amerikanischer Craftsman Bungalow
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    Kalifornischer Bungalow
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    Chalet Bungalow in Nordirland
  •  
    Bungalow in Chicago

Cottage Bearbeiten

Ein Cottage ist ein kleines Häuschen, ein oder zwei Stockwerke hoch, obwohl der Begriff gelegentlich auch auf größere Gebäude angewendet wird.

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    Cape Cod-style house or Cape: a style of a double-pile one-story cottage; low, broad with a steep side-gable roof to which dormers are often added to create a second story (in some locations, referred to as 1.5-story)
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    Dacha: cottage-type house in Russia and former union republics of the Soviet Union
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    Izba: a traditional Russian wooden country house
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    Ontario Cottage: a one- or one-and-a-half-story house with a symmetrical rectangular floor plan and a gable centred over the door, popular in small-town Ontario during the 19th century

Ranch Bearbeiten

 
Brick ranch-style house

A ranch-style house or rambler is one-story, low to the ground, with a low-pitched roof, usually rectangular, L- or U-shaped with deep overhanging eaves.Vorlage:Sfnm Ranch styles include:

  • California ranch: the "original" ranch style, developed in the United States in the early 20th century, before World War IIVorlage:Sfnm
  • Tract ranch: a post-World War II style of ranch that was smaller and less ornate than the original, mass-produced in housing developments, usually without basementsVorlage:Sfnm
  • Suburban ranch: a modern style of ranch that retains many of the characteristics of the original but is larger, with modern amenitiesVorlage:Sfnm

I-house Bearbeiten

 
Southern I-House style home

An I-house is a two or three-story house that is one room deep with a double-pen, hall-parlor, central-hall or saddlebag layout.Vorlage:Sfn

  • New England I-house: characterized by a central chimneyVorlage:Sfn
  • Pennsylvania I-house: characterized by internal gable-end chimneys at the interior of either side of the houseVorlage:Sfn
  • Southern I-house: characterized by external gable-end chimneys on the exterior of either side of the houseVorlage:Sfn

Gablefront Bearbeiten

 
A-frame gable-style house, Portugal

A gablefront house or gablefront cottage has a gable roof that faces its street or avenue, as in the novel The House of Seven Gables.

  • A-frame: so-called because the steep roofline, reaching to or near the ground, makes the gable ends resemble a capital letter A.
  • Chalet: a gablefront house built into a mountainside with a wide sloping roof
  • Charleston single house: originating in Charleston, South Carolina, a narrow house with its shoulder to the street and front door on the side.

Split-level Bearbeiten

 
Split-level house

Split-level house is a design of house that was commonly built during the 1950s and 1960s. It has two nearly equal sections that are located on two different levels, with a short stairway in the corridor connecting them.

Tower Bearbeiten

 
Vao tower house in Estonia, built in 15th century

A tower house is a compact two or more story house, often fortified.

Longhouse Bearbeiten

 
reconstructed Viking longhouse

A longhouse is historical house type typically for family groups.

Housebarn Bearbeiten

 
Frutighaus, housebarn

A housebarn is a combined house and barn.

  • Barndominium: a type of house that includes living space attached to either a workshop or a barn, typically for horses, or a large vehicle such as a recreational vehicle or a large recreational boat
  • Byre-dwelling: farmhouse with people and livestock under one roof
  • Connected farm: type of farmhouse common in New England
  • Frutighaus: a type of barnhouse originating in the Frutigland region of Switzerland.

Other house types Bearbeiten

  • Courtyard house
  • Snout house: a house with the garage door being the closest part of the dwelling to the street.
  • Octagon house: a house of symmetrical octagonal floor plan, popularized briefly during the 19th century by Orson Squire Fowler
  • Stilt house: is a house built on stilts above a body of water or the ground (usually in swampy areas prone to flooding).
  • Villa: a large house which one might retreat to in the country. Villa can also refer to a freestanding comfortable-sized house, on a large block, generally found in the suburbs, and in Victorian terraced housing, a house larger than the average byelaw terraced house, often having double street frontage.
  • Mansion: a very large, luxurious house, typically associated with exceptional wealth or aristocracy, usually of more than one story, on a very large block of land or estate.
    Mansions usually will have many more rooms and bedrooms than a typical single-family home, including specialty rooms, such as a library, study, conservatory, theater, greenhouse, infinity pool, bowling alley, or server room.
  • Palace: the residence of a high ranking government official or the country's ruler.
  • Castle: a heavily fortified medieval dwelling or a house styled after medieval castles. Usually with towers, crenellations, a stone exterior, get

By construction method or materials Bearbeiten

 
Multi-storied attached adobe houses at Taos Pueblo
  • Airey house: a type of low-cost house that was developed in the United Kingdom during the 1940s by Sir Edwin Airey, and then widely constructed between 1945 and 1960 to provide housing for soldiers, sailors, and airmen who had returned home from World War II. These are recognizable by their precast concrete columns and by their walls made of precast "ship-lap" concrete panels.
  • Assam-type House: an earthquake-resistant house type commonly found in the northeastern states of India
  • Bastle house: a fortified farmhouse found in England and Scotland
  • Castle: primarily a defensive structure/dwelling built during the Dark Ages and the Middle Ages, and also from the 18th century to today.
  • Converted barn: an old barn converted into a house or other use.
  • Earth sheltered: houses using dirt ("earth") piled against it exterior walls for thermal mass, which reduces heat flow into or out of the house, maintaining a more steady indoor temperature
  • Igloo: an Inuit, Yup'ik, and Aleut seasonal or emergency shelter that was made of knife-sliced blocks of packed snow and/or ice in the Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Siberian Russia.
  • Kit house: a type of pre-fabricated house made of pre-cut, numbered pieces of lumber.
  • Laneway house: a type of Canadian house that is constructed behind a normal single-family home that opens onto a back lane
  • Log home, Log cabin: a house built by American, Canadian, and Russian frontiersmen and their families which was built of solid, unsquared wooden logs and later as a well crafted style of dwelling
  • Plank house: a general term for houses built using planks in a variety of ways
  • Pole house: a timber house in which a set of vertical poles carry the load of all of its suspended floors and roof, allowing all of its walls to be non-load-bearing.
  • Prefabricated house: a house whose main structural sections were manufactured in a factory, and then transported to their final building site to be assembled upon a concrete foundation, which had to be poured locally.
  • Stilt houses or Pile dwellings: houses raised on stilts over the surface of the soil or a body of water.
  • Tree house: a house built among the branches or around the trunk of one or more mature trees and does not rest on the ground.
  • Upper Lusatian house or Umgebinde: combined log and timber-frame construction in Germany-Czech Republic-Poland region
  • Wimpey no-fines house: a low-cost semi-attached or terraced houses built in the United Kingdom from the 1940s onwards using concrete without fine aggregates ("no-fine")

Single-family attached Bearbeiten

  • Two-family or duplex: two living units, either attached side by side and sharing a common wall (in some countries, called semi-detached) or stacked one atop the other (in some countries, called a double-decker)
  • Three-family or triplex: three living units, either attached side by side and sharing common walls, or stacked (in some countries, called a three-decker or triple-decker)
  • Four-family or quadplex or quad: four living units, typically with two units on the first floor and two on the second, or side-by-side
  • Townhouse, terraced house, or rowhouse: common terms for single-family attached housing, whose precise meaning varies by location, often connecting a series of living units arranged side-by-side sharing common walls (not to be confused with the English term for an aristocratic mansion, townhouse (Great Britain))
    • Linked house: side-by-side attached houses that appear detached above-ground but are attached at the foundation below-ground
    • Linked semi-detached: side-by-side attached houses with garages in between them, sharing basement and garage walls
    • Mews property: an urban stable-block that has often been converted into residential properties. The houses may have been converted into ground floor garages with a small flat above which used to house the ostler or just a garage with no living quarters.
    • Patio house: townhouses that share a patio
  • Weavers' cottage: townhouses with attached workshops for weavers

Movable dwellings Bearbeiten

 
Mobile home
  • Mobile home, park home, or trailer home: a prefabricated house that is manufactured off-site and moved by trailer to its final location (but not intended to be towed regularly by a vehicle)
 
Travel trailer or camper
  • Recreational vehicle or RV: a motor vehicle or trailer that can be used for habitation
    • Travel trailer, camper or caravan: a trailer designed to be used as a residence (usually temporarily), which must be towed regularly by a vehicle and cannot move under its own power
    • Tiny house: a dwelling, usually built on a trailer or barge, that is Vorlage:Convert or smaller, built to look like a small house and suitable for long-term habitation
  • Houseboat includes float houses: a boat designed to be primarily used as a residence
  • Tent: a temporary, movable dwelling usually constructed with fabric covering a frame of lightweight wood or other locally-available material
    • Tipi: a conical tent originating in North America
    • Yurt: a round tent with a conical roof originating in Central Asia

See also Bearbeiten

Portal: Housing – Übersicht zu Wikipedia-Inhalten zum Thema Housing

Literatur Bearbeiten

Weblinks Bearbeiten

Commons: Houses by type – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

Einzelnachweise Bearbeiten

  1. ↑ Harris 2006, S. 892, "Single-pile house: A house that is only one room deep"
  2. ↑ Cloues 2005, Single Pen: "A one-room house, usually gable-roofed with an end chimney"; Harris 2006, S. 490, Hall: "4. A small, relatively primitive dwelling having a one-room plan."
  3. ↑ Cloues 2005, Double Pen: "A two-room house with two front doors, usually gable-roofed with end chimneys"
  4. ↑ Cloues 2005, Saddlebag: "A two-room house with a central chimney and one or two front doors, usually gable-roofed"
  5. ↑ Cloues 2005, Hall-Parlor: "A two-room house with unequal-sized rooms and one front door, usually gable-roofed"
  6. ↑ Cloues 2005, Central Hallway: "A two-room house with a central hall and centered front door, usually gable-roofed with end chimneys"
  7. ↑ Cloues 2005, Dogtrot: "A two-room house with an open center passage"
  8. ↑ Harris 2006, p. 328, Double-pile house: A house that is two rooms deep"
  9. ↑ Cloues 2005, Shotgun: "A one-room wide house, two or more rooms deep, without a hallway; gable- or hip-roofed"
  10. ↑ Harris 2006, pp. 887–888, Side-hall plan, side passage plan: "A floor plan of a house having a corridor that runs from the front to the back of the house along one exterior wall; all rooms are located on the same side of the corridor."
  11. ↑ Cloues 2005, Bungalow: "A house relatively long and low in proportion, rectangular in plan, with an irregular interior floor plan, featuring integral porches and low-pitched roofs"

{{DEFAULTSORT:House Types, List Of}} [[Category:House styles| ]] [[Category:House types| ]] [[Category:Design-related lists|House types]]

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