Undecane

Die Undecane bilden eine Stoffgruppe aus der Gruppe der Alkane. Namensgeber ist der lineare Vertreter Undecan. Die Undecane umfassen theoretisch 159 konstitutionsisomere bzw. 345 konstitutions- und konfigurationsisomere Verbindungen mit der Summenformel C₁₁H₂₄. In öffentlich verfügbaren Datenbanken werden (Stand März 2024) zwischen 62 und 177 tatsächlich bekannte Isomere geführt.

Strukturformel von 2,2,3,3,4,4,-Hexamethylpentan, einem Isomer von Undecan

Verwendung

Die Isomere des Undecans finden in der Trennung von Alkylphenolen mittels Azeotroprektifikation Verwendung, bei der die Isomere als Schleppmittel benutzt werden.

Konstitutionsisomere

Die folgende Tabelle gibt einen Überblick über alle theoretisch möglichen konstitutionsisomeren Undecane, gruppiert nach Anzahl der Kohlenstoffatome in der Hauptkette bzw. nach den Substituenten:

Substituenten	Anzahl der C-Atome in der Hauptkette
	11	10	9	8	7	6	5
---	n-Undecan
Methyl		2-Methyldecan 3-Methyldecan 4-Methyldecan 5-Methyldecan	2,2-Dimethylnonan 2,3-Dimethylnonan 2,4-Dimethylnonan 2,5-Dimethylnonan 2,6-Dimethylnonan 2,7-Dimethylnonan 2,8-Dimethylnonan 3,3-Dimethylnonan 3,4-Dimethylnonan 3,5-Dimethylnonan 3,6-Dimethylnonan 3,7-Dimethylnonan 4,4-Dimethylnonan 4,5-Dimethylnonan 4,6-Dimethylnonan 5,5-Dimethylnonan	2,2,3-Trimethyloctan 2,2,4-Trimethyloctan 2,2,5-Trimethyloctan 2,2,6-Trimethyloctan 2,2,7-Trimethyloctan 2,3,3-Trimethyloctan 2,3,4-Trimethyloctan 2,3,5-Trimethyloctan 2,3,6-Trimethyloctan 2,3,7-Trimethyloctan 2,4,4-Trimethyloctan 2,4,5-Trimethyloctan 2,4,6-Trimethyloctan 2,4,7-Trimethyloctan 2,5,5-Trimethyloctan 2,5,6-Trimethyloctan 2,6,6-Trimethyloctan 3,3,4-Trimethyloctan 3,3,5-Trimethyloctan 3,3,6-Trimethyloctan 3,4,4-Trimethyloctan 3,4,5-Trimethyloctan 3,4,6-Trimethyloctan 3,5,5-Trimethyloctan 4,4,5-Trimethyloctan	2,2,3,3-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,3,4-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,3,5-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,3,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,4,5-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,4,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,5,5-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,5,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,3,4-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,3,5-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,3,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,4,4-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,4,5-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,4,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,5,5-Tetramethylheptan 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,4,4,5-Tetramethylheptan 2,4,4,6-Tetramethylheptan 2,4,5,5-Tetramethylheptan 3,3,4,4-Tetramethylheptan 3,3,4,5-Tetramethylheptan 3,3,5,5-Tetramethylheptan 3,4,4,5-Tetramethylheptan	2,2,3,3,4-Pentamethylhexan 2,2,3,3,5-Pentamethylhexan 2,2,3,4,4-Pentamethylhexan 2,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylhexan 2,2,3,5,5-Pentamethylhexan 2,2,4,4,5-Pentamethylhexan 2,3,3,4,4-Pentamethylhexan 2,3,3,4,5-Pentamethylhexan	2,2,3,3,4,4-Hexamethylpentan
Ethyl			3-Ethylnonan 4-Ethylnonan 5-Ethylnonan		3,3-Diethylheptan 3,4-Diethylheptan 3,5-Diethylheptan 4,4-Diethylheptan
Ethyl und Methyl				3-Ethyl-2-methyloctan 3-Ethyl-3-methyloctan 3-Ethyl-4-methyloctan 3-Ethyl-5-methyloctan 3-Ethyl-6-methyloctan 4-Ethyl-2-methyloctan 4-Ethyl-3-methyloctan 4-Ethyl-4-methyloctan 4-Ethyl-5-methyloctan 5-Ethyl-2-methyloctan 5-Ethyl-3-methyloctan 6-Ethyl-2-methyloctan	3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-2,6-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-3,4-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-4,4-dimethylheptan 3-Ethyl-4,5-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-2,6-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-3,3-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-3,4-dimethylheptan 4-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylheptan 5-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylheptan 5-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylheptan 5-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylheptan 5-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylheptan 5-Ethyl-3,3-dimethylheptan	3-Ethyl-2,2,3-trimethylhexan 3-Ethyl-2,2,4-trimethylhexan 3-Ethyl-2,2,5-trimethylhexan 3-Ethyl-2,3,4-trimethylhexan 3-Ethyl-2,3,5-trimethylhexan 3-Ethyl-2,4,4-trimethylhexan 3-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylhexan 3-Ethyl-3,4,4-trimethylhexan 4-Ethyl-2,2,3-trimethylhexan 4-Ethyl-2,2,4-trimethylhexan 4-Ethyl-2,2,5-trimethylhexan 4-Ethyl-2,3,3-trimethylhexan 4-Ethyl-2,3,4-trimethylhexan 3,3-Diethyl-2-methylhexan 3,3-Diethyl-4-methylhexan 3,4-Diethyl-2-methylhexan 3,4-Diethyl-3-methylhexan 4,4-Diethyl-2-methylhexan	3-Ethyl-2,2,3,4-tetramethylpentan 3-Ethyl-2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentan 3,3-Diethyl-2,2-dimethylpentan 3,3-Diethyl-2,4-dimethylpentan
Propyl				4-Propyloctan
1-Methylethyl (=Isopropyl)				4-(1-Methylethyl)octan
Methyl und 1-Methylethyl (=Isopropyl)					2-Methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptan 2-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptan 3-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptan 4-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptan	2,2-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexan 2,3-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexan 2,4-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexan 2,5-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexan	2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)pentan 2,3,4-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)pentan
Methyl und Propyl					2-Methyl-4-propylheptan 3-Methyl-4-propylheptan 4-Methyl-4-propylheptan
Butyl					4-tert-Butylheptan