Die 32 kristallographischen Punktgruppen (Kristallklassen) Bearbeiten
Punktgruppe (Kristallklasse) | Physikalische Eigenschaften[Anm. 1] | Beispiele | |||||||||
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Nr. | Name | Symbol(e) | Lauegruppe | Zugehörige Raumgruppen (Nr.) | EaM | OpA | PyE | PiE; SHG | |||
Schoenflies | Hermann-Mauguin | ||||||||||
Lang | Kurz | ||||||||||
1 | triklin-pedial | C1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | P1 (1) | + | + | [uvw] | + | Abelsonit Axinit |
2 | triklin-pinakoidal | Ci (S2) | 1 | 1 | P1 (2) | – | – | – | – | Albit Anorthit |
Punktgruppe (Kristallklasse) | Physikalische Eigenschaften[Anm. 1] | Beispiele | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nr. | Kristallsystem | Name | Symbol | Lauegruppe | Zugehörige Raumgruppen (Nr.) | Enantiomorphie | Optische Aktivität | Pyroelektrizität | Piezoelektrizität; SHG-Effekt | |||
Schoenflies | Hermann-Mauguin (International) | |||||||||||
Lang | Kurz | |||||||||||
1 | triklin | triklin-pedial | C1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | P1 (1) | + | + | [uvw] | + | Abelsonit Axinit |
2 | triklin-pinakoidal | Ci (S2) | 1 | 1 | P1 (2) | – | – | – | – | Albit Anorthit | ||
3 | monoklin | monoklin-sphenoidisch | C2 | 121 | 2 | 2/m | P2 (3), P21 (4), C2 (5) | + | + | [010] | + | Uranophan Halotrichit |
112 | [001] | |||||||||||
4 | monoklin-domatisch | Cs (C1h) | 1m1 | m | Pm (6), Pc (7), Cm (8), Cc (9) | – | + | [u0w] | + | Soda Skolezit | ||
11m | [uv0] | |||||||||||
5 | monoklin-prismatisch | C2h | 12/m1 | 2/m | P2/m (10), P21/m (11), C2/m (12), P2/c (13), P21/c (14), C2/c (15) | – | – | – | – | Gips Kryolith | ||
112/m | ||||||||||||
6 | orthorhombisch | orthorhombisch-disphenoidisch | D2 (V) | 222 | 222 | mmm | P222 (16), P2221 (17), P21212 (18), P212121 (19), C2221 (20), C222 (21), F222 (22), I222 (23), I212121 (24) | – | + | – | + | Austinit Epsomit |
7 | orthorhombisch-pyramidal | C2v | mm2 | mm2 | Pmm2 (25), Pmc21 (26), Pcc2 (27), Pma2 (28), Pca21 (29), Pnc2 (30), Pmn21 (31), Pba2 (32), Pna21 (33), Pnn2 (34), Cmm2 (35), Cmc21 (36), Ccc2 (37), Amm2 (38), Aem2 (39), Ama2 (40), Aea2 (41), Fmm2 (42), Fdd2 (43), Imm2 (44), Iba2 (45), Ima2 (46) | – | + | [001] | + | Hemimorphit Struvit | ||
8 | orthorhombisch-dipyramidal | D2h (Vh) | 2/m2/m2/m | mmm | Pmmm (47), Pnnn (48), Pccm (49), Pban (50), Pmma (51), Pnna (52), Pmna (53), Pcca (54), Pbam (55), Pccn (56), Pbcm (57), Pnnm (58), Pmmn (59), Pbcn (60), Pbca (61), Pnma (62), Cmcm (63), Cmce (64), Cmmm (65), Cccm (66), Cmme (67), Ccce (68), Fmmm (69), Fddd (70), Immm (71), Ibam (72), Ibca (73), Imma (74) | – | – | – | – | Topas Anhydrit | ||
9 | tetragonal | tetragonal-pyramidal | C4 | 4 | 4 | 4/m | P4 (75), P41 (76), P42 (77), P43 (78), I4 (79), I41 (80) | + | + | [001] | + | Pinnoit Percleveit‑(Ce) |
10 | tetragonal-disphenoidisch | S4 | 4 | 4 | P4 (82), I4 (82) | – | + | – | + | Schreibersit Cahnit | ||
11 | tetragonal-dipyramidal | C4h | 4/m | 4/m | P4/m (83), P42/m (84), P4/n (85), P42/n (86), I4/m (87), I41/a (88) | – | – | – | – | Scheelit Baotit | ||
12 | tetragonal-trapezoedrisch | D4 | 422 | 422 | 4/mmm | P422 (89), P4212 (90), P4122 (91), P41212 (92), P4222 (93), P42212 (94), P4322 (95), P43212 (96), I422 (97), I4122 (98) | + | + | – | + | Cristobalit Maucherit | |
13 | ditetragonal-pyramidal | C4v | 4mm | 4mm | P4mm (99), P4bm (100), P42cm (101), P42nm (102), P4cc (103), P4nc (104), P42mc (105), P42bc (106), I4mm (107), I4cm (108), I41md (109), I41cd (110) | – | – | [001] | + | Lenait Diaboleit | ||
14 | tetragonal-skalenoedrisch | D2d (Vd) | 42m | 42m | P42m (111), P42c (112), P421m (113), P421c (114) | – | + | – | + | Chalkopyrit Stannit | ||
4m2 | 4m2 | P4m2 (115), P4c2 (116), P4b2 (117), P4n2 (118), I4m2 (119), I4c2 (120), I42m (121), I42d (122) | ||||||||||
15 | ditetragonal-dipyramidal | D4h | 4/m2/m2/m | 4/mmm | P4/mmm (123), P4/mcc (124), P4/nbm (125), P4/nnc (126), P4/mbm (127), P4/mnc (128), P4/nmm (129), P4/ncc (130), P42/mmc (131), P42/mcm (132), P42/nbc (133), P42/nnm (134), P42/mbc (135), P42/mnm (136), P42/nmc (137), P42/ncm (138), I4/mmm (139), I4/mcm (140), I41/amd (141), I41/acd (142) | – | – | – | – | Rutil Zirkon | ||
16 | trigonal | trigonal-pyramidal | C3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | P3 (143), P31 (144), P32 (145), R3 (146) | + | + | [001] | + | Carlinit Gratonit |
17 | rhomboedrisch | C3i (S6) | 3 | 3 | P3 (147), R3 (148) | – | – | – | – | Dolomit Dioptas | ||
18 | trigonal-trapezoedrisch | D3 | 321 | 32 | 3m | P321 (150), P3121 (152), P3221 (154), R32 (155) | – | + | – | + | Quarz Tellur | |
312 | P312 (149), P3112 (151), P3212 (153) | |||||||||||
19 | ditrigonal-pyramidal | C3v | 3m1 | 3m | P3m1 (156), P3c1 (158), R3m (160), R3c (161) | – | – | [001] | + | Turmalin Pyrargyrit | ||
31m | P31m (157), P31c (159) | |||||||||||
20 | ditrigonal-skalenoedrisch | D3d | 312/m | 3m | P31m (162), P31c (163) | – | – | – | – | Calcit Korund | ||
32/m1 | P3m1 (164), P3c1 (165), R3m (166), R3c (167) | |||||||||||
21 | hexagonal | hexagonal-pyramidal | C6 | 6 | 6 | 6/m | P6 (168), P61 (169), P65 (170), P62 (171), P64 (172), P63 (173) | + | + | [001] | + | Nephelin Zinkenit |
22 | trigonal-dipyramidal | C3h | 6 | 6 | P6 (174) | – | – | – | + | Penfieldit Laurelit | ||
23 | hexagonal-dipyramidal | C6h | 6/m | 6/m | P6/m (175), P63/m (176) | – | – | – | – | Apatit Zemannit | ||
24 | hexagonal-trapezoedrisch | D6 | 622 | 622 | 6/mmm | P622 (177), P6122 (178), P6522 (179), P6222 (180), P6422 (181), P6322 (182) | + | + | – | + | Hochquarz Pseudorutil | |
25 | dihexagonal-pyramidal | C6v | 6mm | 6mm | P6mm (183), P6cc (184), P63cm (185), P63mc (186) | – | – | [001] | + | Wurtzit Zinkit | ||
26 | ditrigonal-dipyramidal | D3h | 6m2 | 6m2 | P6m2 (187), P6c2 (188) | – | – | – | + | Bastnäsit Benitoit | ||
62m | P62m (189), P62c (190) | |||||||||||
27 | dihexagonal-dipyramidal | D6h | 6/m2/m2/m | 6/mmm | P6/mmm (191), P6/mcc (192), P63/mcm (193), P63/mmc (194) | – | – | – | – | Graphit Magnesium | ||
28 | kubisch | tetraedrisch-pentagondodekaedrisch | T | 23 | 23 | m3 | P23 (195), F23 (196), I23 (197), P213 (198), I213 (199) | + | + | – | + | Ullmannit Natriumbromat |
29 | disdodekaedrisch | Th | 2/m3 | m3 | Pm3 (200), Pn3 (201), Fm3 (202), Fd3 (203), Im3 (204), Pa3 (205), Ia3 (206) | – | – | – | – | Pyrit Kalialaun | ||
30 | pentagon-ikositetraedrisch | O | 432 | 432 | m3m | P432 (207), P4232 (208), F432 (209), F4132 (210), I432 (211), P4332 (212), P4132 (213), I4132 (214) | + | + | – | – | Maghemit Petzit | |
31 | hexakistetraedrisch | Td | 43m | 43m | P43m (215), F43m (216), I43m (217), P43n (218), F43c (219), I43d (220) | – | – | – | + | Sphalerit Sodalith | ||
32 | hexakisoktaedrisch | Oh | 4/m32/m | m3m | Pm3m (221), Pn3n (222), Pm3n (223), Pn3m (224), Fm3m (225), Fm3c (226), Fd3m (227), Fd3c (228), Im3m (229), Ia3d (230) | – | – | – | – | Diamant Kupfer | ||
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