- This article contains census data on the entire town of Eastchester, including its two villages. For census information regarding the town outside the villages see Eastchester (CDP), New York.
Vorlage:Infobox Settlement Eastchester is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 31,318 at the 2000 census. The town includes the villages of Bronxville and Tuckahoe.
The Town of Eastchester is in the southern part of the county.
History Bearbeiten
The town that is now called Eastchester began settlement in 1664 when ten families migrated from Fairfield, Connecticut. Thomas Pell, who at that time also owned the territory that is now New Rochelle and Pelham granted a deed to the group to "settle down at Hutchinsons'", where the home of Anne Hutchinson had stood some twenty years before. The ten original families were shortly joined by another twenty-six.
Laws for the region were established the following year, in 1665, under an agreement called the "Eastchester Covenant". The covenant was a rare document for this period. It contained 26 provisions such items as: education of children, disposition and upkeep of property, support of a minister, etc.
Confirmation of their 1664 patent was granted by Governor Richard Nicolls in 1666 after the occupation of the area by the English. A controversy arose in 1700 when the settlers signed a deed with the Indians. The tract of land involved was known as "Long Reach" because of its odd geographical makeup. The sites included are the present Bronxville, Tuckahoe, and a section of northwest Mt. Vernon. The dispute over the ownership of the land involved the towns of New Rochelle, Westchester and the Pell Family. When a decision was reached in favor of Eastchester, England's Queen Anne granted a second patent in the year 1708.
Eastchester was a farming community at the outbreak of the Revolution. Although no major battles were fought here, as the heart of the Neutral Ground it saw sporadic fighting for over 13 years between "cowboys and skinners" as the guerillas of the different sides were called. When not fighting each other they robbed and harassed the civil population.
Eastchester's rural makeup began to change with the coming of the railroad in the 1840s. Three hundred-seventy acres of land were incorporated at the village of Mt. Vernon in 1853 by a group of New York businessmen; the village of Bronxville was incorporated in 1898; and the village of Tuckahoe in 1903. Today, Eastchester is bound by Scarsdale on the north, New Rochelle on the east, Yonkers on the west, and Mt. Vernon on the south, The town covers approximately five square miles (13 km²), including Bronxville and Tuckahoe.
Famous names Bearbeiten
Anne Hutchinson: Mrs. Hutchinson was banished from New England (1642) because of her religious beliefs. After her husband's death she and her children moved to what is now Eastchester. In 1643 a band of marauding Indians massacred Mrs. Hutchinson and all but one child were killed. Anne Hutchinson was one of the first advocates of religious freedom. The Hutchinson River, the Hutchinson River Parkway, and a primary school on Mill Road in Eastchester are named after her.
Betty Broderick: Betty Broderick (nee Bisceglia) grew up in Eastchester and was involved in a high profile murder case involving her ex-husband Dan Broderick and his new wife Linda Kolkena. In a jealous rage, Betty shot and killed Dan and Linda in 1989 as they slept in their house in Marston Hills, an exclusive San Diego suburb.
Aaron Burr: During the 1790s Westchester County held court at St. Paul's church. It was at St. Paul's that lawyer Burr tried a number of cases.
John Adams: When President Adams was forced to leave Philadelphia (1797) due to a yellow fever epidemic, the temporary White House was located in the home of his daughter who lived a short distance from St. Paul's church. The Watsons were very close friends with his daughter. They attended church every sunday together at St. Paul's church. Avis Watson sang in the churches choir and her husband came often to watch.
John Peter Zenger: A reporter for the New York Journal in 1733, John Zenger covered the account of an election held at St. Paul's Church and was arrested and tried for seditious libel. He was acquitted and thereby established the legal precedent for "freedom of the press." This later was incorporated as a basic freedom in the Bill of Rights. He was also the printer of the New York Journal.
Stephen Ward: Ward, a local patriot at the time of the Revolution, was Eastchester Town Supervisor. He was a member of the Provisional Congress in 1775 and a member of the New York Assembly in 1777. Later Ward became a County Judge, State Senator and a Member of Congress.
Famous places Bearbeiten
St. Paul's Church: At the time of the Revolution the church was unfinished and used primarily as a hospital by the British. Hessian soldiers, approximately 100 in number, are buried in the churchyard near the common grave of some unknown dead who were killed in a skirmish at Tuckahoe. Congress in 1943 designated St. Paul's as the national shrine of the Bill of Rights. St. Paul's church is located at South Columbus Avenue, Mt. Vernon.
Marble Schoolhouse: Built in 1835 of world renowned "Tuckahoe Marble", the one-room schoolhouse is located on California Road (Chester Heights area of Eastchester).
Ward House: Originally owned by the Stephen Ward family, it was sold in the 1800s to John Hayward who operated it as a tavern, "The Marble Hall." In the 1830s he entertained President Martin Van Buren. Today it is a dormitory for Concordia College. During the Revolution it was the site of many skirmishes. Ward House is the most important Revolutionary site in Eastchester. Dutch Schultz the infamous gangster and bootlegger lived in the house across the street. There was a tunnel connecting both houses which is now closed in.
Hotel Gramatan: built in 1905. Huge Spanish-style hotel built to replace an earlier inn, and to accommodate the large influx of artists and writers when the village became a hotbed of turn-of-the-century culture. The hotel was demolished in 1972.
Town Hall: The site was originally a farm, later a country club and golf club. Dedicated in 1957 and converted to Pennsylvania style utilizing the existing stonework and slate roof. Town Hall is the only town center in Westchester County to house a wide variety of town departments and local civic functions.
Vernon Hills Shopping Center: The main shopping district in the town of Eastchester. Constructed in the 1950s, the center contains high-end department stores such as Lord & Taylor, Borders, and Brooks Brothers. The shopping center was owned by Sal Pepe, who died around the turn of the century at age 93 and was a major real estate mogul in Westchester County.
Immaculate Conception Church: A beautiful stone church on Winter Hill Road in Eastchester. Betty Bisceglia married Dan Broderick in the church on April 12, 1969. In a high profile murder case, Betty killed her ex-husband and his young, beautiful, new wife Linda Kolkena in San Diego in 1989.
White Plains Road: One of the oldest roads in Eastchester. Route 22 stretches from the Bronx to Canada.
Lawrence Park: In the 1890s many houses were built in Bronxville on the hilltop and became known as Lawrence Park. William Van Duzer Lawrence, a Canadian who found success in New York City, was the driving force behind this development of picturesque homes connected with curving yellow brick roads. The charming Victorain houses featured very large skylights that faced the north light, thereby a lure to many Manhattan artists. The village was a significant center of culture at the turn of the century and continues to be a convenient bedroom community for businesspeople who commute to the city via the train.
Lake Isle Country Club: Originally known as Vernon Hills. The golf course and clubhouse were purchased by the Town of Eastchester in the late 1970s and converted to a municipal facility. Today it has an 18-hole golf course, tennis courts, swimming pools (diving, baby, mushroom and lanes).
Leewood Country Club: A golf course in the town of Eastchester. Babe Ruth was a member of Leewood Country Club, and it is said that the underpass leading to the Bronx River Parkway near Leewood was built expressly for the Babe.
Siwanoy Country Club, which borders the towns of Tuckahoe and Bronxville, was the location of the inaugural PGA Championship in 1916.
Cradle of American Golf: Eastchester has had its share of champions. In 1928 the town was acclaimed "cradle of American golf." Eastchester residents who have won titles are: Willie MacFarlane won the U.S. Open in 1925, defeating the legendary Bobby Jones; 1926 had Jess Sweetser winning the British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship; 1928, Johnny Farrell won the U.S. Open, again Bobby Jones the victim; 1931, Tom Creavy won the PGA Championship, defeating Denny Shute.
Home of The Treetures : The children’s national Treeture Environmental Education Program began here in Eastchester, New York, when Judith Hope Blau created her family of whimsical characters to educate children about the important role trees play in keeping our environment healthy. The small Magic Treeture Forest Nursery on California Road and Highland Avenue became the pilot nursery for many others in the country. Twigs, the Treeture Teacher, lives in Eastchester’s Town Hall and makes Town appearances with other Treetures every April to celebrate Arbor Day. Click here to visit the Eastchester Magic Treeture Forest Nursery.(www.treetures.com/MTFN/MTFNvisit.html ) Enjoy www.treetures.com. It all started here!
Title Fight at Parkway Oval: Terry McGovern, having claimed the Bantamweight title, agreed to fight Great Britain's Pedlar Palmer in Parkway Oval, Tuckahoe. The date was September 12, 1899. The bout was postponed a day because of rain. Because of the postponement a second weigh-in wasn't necessary and McGovern's weight rose from 112 to 116 pounds (a new weight for the bantam class). The McGovern~Palmer title fight was one of the briefest in ring history. The clever Palmer was given no opportunity to display his vaunted skill. Overwhelmed by the rushing, hardhitting McGovern, he was kayo'd in one minute, fifteen seconds. Sidelight: the bout started when the time-keeper accidentally hit the bell and the referee had to send the boxers to their corners for a new start, which ended disastrously for Palmer.
Interlaken Reservoir: Constructed in 1894, the Interlaken Reservoir straddles the Eastchester/New Rochelle line and was initially a water supply source for lower Westchester County. No longer used as an active reservoir, the lake provides outdoor recreation for the people who live in the homes, townhouses, and apartments on the lake's perimeter. The Interlaken Reservoir is the only inland body of water in lower Westchester County that is used for swimming and boating. The lake is also known as Reservoir No. 1, Lake Innisfree, and Lake Isle. Largemouth bass, perch, catfish, eel, sunfish, and shiners are some of the fish that are indigenous to the lake. About ten years ago, carp were stocked in the lake to control aquatic vegetation. When the Hutchinson River Parkway was reconstructed around 1988, a horse trail with two new bridges was built between the parkway and the dam of the reservoir. Equestrians can now ride their horses along the edge of the reservoir. When the Townhouses at Lake Isle were constructed in the mid 1980s, the last undeveloped tract of land along the perimeter of the reservoir went by the wayside. Although the Interlaken Reservor has no legal public access, for years youths and young adults have gone swimming and fishing at the dam.
Holy Mount Cemetery: A small, local Catholic cemetery near the north end of California Road. Many Eastchester residents are interred in Holy Mount Cemetery. The long, winding road parallels Lake Shore Drive on its way into the cemetery and is bounded on the left by Lake Isle Golf Course.
Interesting facts Bearbeiten
Marble Capital of the World: In 1818 the town's first marble quarry was opened. The quarries produced heavily for almost a century. The extremely high quality of "Tuckahoe Marble" was in great demand. Structures that have utilized Tuckahoe Marble include: The Government Printing Office, Washington D.C.; The General Post Office, Washington D.C. The main Public Library, New York City; Grace Episcopal Church, New York City; The Custom House, New York City; St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York City and the Washington Square Arch in Greenwich Village, NYC. Locally: Immaculate Conception Church (Winter Hill Road); Samuel Fee building (Main Street), and the various sections of Eastchester where the stone walls surroun-ding some of the older homes are of "Tuckahoe Marble."
Red Bird Stage Line: Before the railroads, communication with New York City was primarily via stage coach or private horse. One such line in the 1830s, the Red Bird ran between Grand Street (the Bowery) and Danbury, Conn. One of its stops was the Ward House, then known as "Marble Hall", with the fare from New York City at $2.00.
Geography Bearbeiten
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 5.0 square miles (13.0 km²), of which, 4.9 square miles (12.7 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²) of it (2.00%) is water.
Demographics Bearbeiten
As of the census² of 2000, there were 31,318 people, 12,626 households, and 8,408 families residing in the town. The population density was 6,376.3 people per square mile (2,462.7/km²). There were 13,035 housing units at an average density of 2,653.9/sq mi (1,025.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 87.35% White, 2.80% Black or African American, 0.07% Native American, 6.85% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.40% from other races, and 1.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.48% of the population.
There were 12,625 households out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the town the population was spread out with 23.8% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 87.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $78,224, and the median income for a family was $103,369. Males had a median income of $71,420 versus $47,725 for females. The per capita income for the town was $49,941. About 3.0% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.4% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.
Eastchester has a high Italian American Population.
Neighborhoods and Villages in the Town of Eastchester Bearbeiten
- Unincorporated Eastchester
- North End (less commonly North Eastchester): Roughly equivalent to the portion of unincorporated Eastchester in the 10583 (Scarsdale) ZIP code.
- Green Knolls
- Greenvale
- Garth Road: Bounded by the Village of Scarsdale to the North it is one of the most populated streets in Westchester County with nearly 5000 residents living along in a 3/4 of mile strip of immaculately maintained co-op apartments. The street's proximity to Scarsdale and the Metro North rail station have made it home historically to many famous residents including Vivian Vance, Max Factor, Tommy Tune, Debbie Harry, Curt Gowdy, Joe Garagiola, Joe McCarthy, Ron Duguay, Roy White, Ed Kranepool, Freeman McNeal, Howard Stern and hosts of television and soap opera actors since the 1950s including Susan Lucci, Edie Falco.
- Chester Heights: Bounded on the north by the Siwanoy Country Club, on the east by the city of New Rochelle, on the south by the city of Mount Vernon, and on the west by the Village of Bronxville. This neighborhood covers most of the part of unincorporated Eastchester that is in the 10708 (Bronxville) ZIP code.
- California Ridge
- Lake Isle
- Leewood
- Waverly
- "Bronxville Manor"
- North End (less commonly North Eastchester): Roughly equivalent to the portion of unincorporated Eastchester in the 10583 (Scarsdale) ZIP code.
- Village of Tuckahoe
- Village of Bronxville
External links Bearbeiten
- Eastchester official website
- Eastchester Volunteer Ambulance Corps
- Scarsdale Magazine, which covers Eastchester
